1. Western Art Music

2. Era, Era

4. Cathédrale Notre-Dame de Paris (1163-1345)

5. Renaissance French word for “Rebirth” Rise of secular (not religious) music forms and polyphony (multiple voices at the same time) Minstrels, troubadours, minnesingers.

6. Renaissance Artists Michelangelo (1475-1564) Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519) Raphael (1483-1520) Donatello (1386-1466)

7. “The Last Supper” Leonardo da Vinci, 1495-98

8. Baroque Times Jamestown, Virginia founded as first English colony in North America (1607) Math/Science- Newton, Galileo, Copernicus English Civil War (1642-1651) Old empires dissolving, new ones forming; rise of Nationalism Music is more ornate than previous times; instrumental music written more than vocal music. Composers: Bach, Händel, Vivaldi.

9. St. Paul’s Cathedral, London, England (1710) Architect- Sir Christopher Wren.

10. Johann Sebastian Bach (1685-1750) German Worked as court composer and/or music director in three cities 1126 known published works, all recorded by Bach Works Catalogue (BWV) Survived by many sons who also became composers

11. Georg Friderich Händel (1685-1759) German-born Known especially for oratorio Messiah (1741) and Water Music (1717) 1723- moved to London, commissioned to write works for Royal Academy of Music, Covent Garden Opera, and King George I. One of few foreign-born personalities to be buried in Westminster Abbey

12. The Classical Era New addition to music: dynamics and phrasing Less complex/ornate than baroque music 4 July 1776- Declaration of Independence 14 July 1789- Bastille Day- beginning of French Revolution 1806- Napoleon storms in, Holy Roman Empire dissolves Musical life is centered around Vienna

13. Franz Josef Haydn (1732-1809) Austrian “Father of the Symphony”, wrote over 100 symphonies Taught Beethoven

14. Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart (1756- 1791) Austrian Child prodigy- toured around Europe with his father First opera- age 14 Operas- Don Giovanni, Le Nozze di Figaro, Die Zauberflöte Last piece composed was ironically the Requiem Mass

15. Ludwig van Beethoven (1770-1827) German-born Student of Haydn Began to lose hearing around 1796 One opera, 32 piano sonatas, nine ground- breaking symphonies.

16. Romanticist Music Music tells a story, mostly of the human experience. Composers begin to write based on their country’s folk music traditions Russia- Mussorgsky, Rimsky-Korsakov, Tchaikovsky Germany/Austria- Brahms, Strauss I, Strauss II, Schumann, Wagner France- Faure, Berlioz, Saint-Säens, Bizet Eastern Europe- Dvořák (Czech), Liszt (Hungarian), Chopin (Polish), Sibelius (Finnish), Grieg (Norwegian) Italy- Puccini, Verdi, Rossini, Paganini

17. Museum of science and industry, chicago, 1893

18. All about breaking the traditional rules of music and being creative Had more competition with the rise of folk music forms (jazz, pop, rock, etc.) “BIG invention in music- phonograph (1877) “CLASSICAL” MUSIC IN THE 20 TH CENTURY

19. “Focuses on a suggestion or an atmosphere rather than an emotion or telling a story” Use of less common scales and intervals Composers: Claude Debussy, Maurice Ravel, Erik Satie (all French) Impressionism Monet: “Impression, Sunrise” (1872)

20. Chance music- Music based on everything that happens around it. Serialism- music based on short patterns. Sound, more than music- using instruments in different ways to make different sounds (George Crumb, Henry Cowell, Krzysztof Penderecki) Minimalism- Phillip Glass, Steve Reich, John Adams Postmodern music

21. Postmodern art Dadaism- “The Treachery of Images”, Rene Magritte, 1929