2. SLEEP DISORDERS: Sleep is an active state essential for mental & physical restoration. Sometimes though we have problems either falling or staying asleep

3. INSOMNIA: –Failure to get enough sleep at night in order to feel rested the next day. Can be brought on by anxiety or depression. Abuse of alcohol & drugs can also cause it.

4. Side Effects: Insomnia: The Light Side

5. SLEEP APNEA: Disorder in which a person has trouble breathing while asleep. –M–M–M–Most common symptom is a specific kind of snoring that occurs hundreds of times a night. Each snore lasts for 10-15 seconds & ends suddenly; often with a physical movement of the body. A blockage in the breathing passage actually causes the snoring; during this time the person is actually choking & air flow to the lungs stop. –1–1–1–1 in 100 Americans suffer from this, mostly in older people.

6. NARCOLEPSY: Condition characterized by suddenly falling asleep or feeling very sleepy during the day. –People who suffer have sleep attacks throughout their day, accompanied by brief periods of REM sleep. –Have difficulties in the areas of work, leisure & interpersonal relationships. Also prone to accidents. Chronic Brain Disorder Starts between ages 7-25– Lasts for life; effects both Males & Females Once cause is - low levels of the neurotransmitter hypocretin, which promotes wakefulness

7. NIGHTMARES & NIGHT TERRORS: Frightening dreams that occur during REM sleep & people who awaken from them will be able to describe their vivid, movie-like dream. Night Terrors occur during Stage 4 sleep (usually within an hour of going to sleep). –They last between 5-20 minutes & involve screaming, sweating, confusion & rapid heart rate. –However, the subject will have no memory of them upon waking up. Typically involve (1-6%) of 3-12 year olds; however <1% of 20-30 yr. olds can also have them

8. Sleep Terror Disorder Under DSM-IV: Recurrent periods where the individual abruptly wakes from sleeping with a scream Individual experiences intense fear and symptoms of autonomic arousal such as increased heart rate, heavy breathing, and increased perspiration Individual cannot be soothed or comforted during the episode They are unable to remember details of the dream or details of the episode The occurrence of the sleep terror episode causes clinically significant distress or impairment in the individual's functioning Disturbance is not due to the effects of a substance or general medical condition

9. SLEEP WALKING: Sleepwalking is a disorder in which a person is partly awake. They can walk or do other things without any memory of doing so. –Mostly associated with children –Linked to Stress, fatigue & the use of sedatives –Can also be inherited

10. SLEEP TALKING: Common disruption Most people talk in their sleep but don’t remember it. Occurs in both REM and Non-REM sleep modes. –You can engage a sleep talker in a conversation. –Harmless