1. Sleep Terror Disorder
Kate Brennan

2. What is Sleep Terror Disorder?
Sleep terror disorder is defined as repeated temporary arousal from sleep, during which the affected person appears and acts extremely frightened.
Also known as “night errors”
A parasomnia disorder characterized by extreme and a temporary inability to regain full consciousness
A person wakes from a slow- wave sleep
Usually gasping, moaning, or screaming

3. What is Sleep Terror Disorder
Sleep terrors are not nightmares
Also known as pavor nocturnus
Pavor nocturnus is a frightening sleep disorder in which a person becomes terrified during a sleep episode, then has no memory of the event after they fully awake.
It is difficult to wake up someone during a night terror, and if left alone, most will simply settle back to sleep without waking.

4. Causes of Sleep Terror Disorder
The causes of sleep terror are for the most part unknown.
Some researchers suggest that sleep terrors are caused by a delay in the maturation of the child's central nervous system.
Such factors as sleep deprivation, psychological stress, and fever may also trigger episodes of sleep terror.

5. Symptoms of Sleep Terror Disorder
Similar to symptoms of extreme fear
rapid heartbeat, sweating, and rapid breathing (hyperventilation).
Heart rate can increase up to two to four times the person's regular rate.
People sometimes scream or cry. The person's facial expression may be fearful.
Panting
Large pupils
Confusion

6. Symptoms Continued
Relative unresponsiveness to efforts of others to comfort the person during the episode.
No detailed dream is recalled and there is amnesia for the episode.
The episodes cause clinically significant distress or impairment in social, occupational, or other important areas of functioning.
The disturbance is not due to the direct physiological effects of a substance (drugs or medication) or a general medical condition.

7. People Prone to Night Terrors
Night terrors are most common in children 2 through 6 years old, but can occur at any age.
3% of children get night terrors
Most children will outgrow night terrors.
The number of episodes usually decreases after age 10.

8. Causes of Sleep Terror Disorder
No definite cause
In children, emotional stress, high fever, or lack of sleep seem to cause it.
Night terrors can be hereditary.
In adults, stress and lack of sleep seem to be triggers, as well as emotional tension and the use of alcohol.

9. Treatment for Night Terror Disorder
Gentleness and comfort
Disposal of anything nearby that can potentially be harmful
Avoidance of loud movements or voices that might frighten the person further
Some doctors may advise other treatment options, such as counseling or psychotherapy.
Others may prescribe Benzodiazepine medications, such as diazepam or the over-the-counter Benadryl elixir.