1. PATHOLOGY Male Reproduction

2. BEP Benign Enlargement Prostrate Cause – unknown Common in men >50 Slow progressive enlargement of the gland Obstructing urine flow S/S - ^freq, urge, dribbling, incomplete Chronic – retention, bladder stones, rupture Diagnosed with blood tests- PSA

5. Prostatitis Pain, swelling, fever, - bacterial from UTI Tender and swollen on examination Can become chronic Perineum and back pain Frequent urgent painful burning urination Painful ejaculation Can affect fertility Diagnosed with blood tests

7. ORCHITIS EPIDIDYMITIS Inflammation of testes Fever with chills Abdominal pain Red painful swollen tender scrotal area Remedies – Apis, Puls, Merc, Bell  Inflammation of Epididymis  A/f -UTI, surgery, cath  Pain, swelling, fever, malaise  Remedies – Bell, Apis, Ars Alb, Merc

8. Inflammation

9. IMPOTENCE Erectile dysfunction Causes – Functional or Organic Incidence inc with age May or may not be accompanied with low libido Causes Causes – injuries and diseases of nervous system, hypo/hyperthyroidism, atherosclerosis, DM, Psychological – guilt, depression, stress, anxiety Alcohol, drugs – prescriptive, recreational

11. INFERTILITY Inability to conceive after 1 year of unprotected sex Causes Causes – impotence, premature ejaculation, defective sperm Sperm abnormalities – low count and/or deformed 40 million to 300 million is the normal range for the number of sperm per milliliter. If below 10 million then considered poor; counts of 20 million or more may be fine if motility and morphology are normal. Causes – congenital, irradiation, severe mumps, stress, nutritional deficiency (Zn, Sel)

13. Genital Warts

14. Syphillis Treponema Pallidum Contagious STD Primary stage – sore/ulcer on penis with painless swelling of nearby lymph nodes Secondary stage – non-irritating rash on palms/soles 6-12 weeks into infection; fever, malaise, anorexia, mouth sores, hairfall Latent phase – long time asymptomatic Tertiary - ulcerative and degenerative changes to heart, nerves, skin, and bones.