2. Prelude to War The Tragedy of “isms”

3. Tragedy of the -isms  Nationalism  Imperialism  Militarism  Alliances

4. Nationalism The belief that ethnic/cultural identity should define the political state and its borders The belief that ethnic/cultural identity should define the political state and its borders Many states composed of diverse ethnicities and cultures Many states composed of diverse ethnicities and cultures Austria-Hungary Austria-Hungary Ottoman Empire Ottoman Empire Great Britain Great Britain Poland divided Poland divided

6. What are some examples of modern day nationalism that has erupted into conflict? Iraq Iraq Shiites, Sunnis, Kurds Shiites, Sunnis, Kurds Ireland Ireland Republicans and unionists Republicans and unionists Spain Spain Basques Basques

7. Imperialism Nations competing for colonies Nations competing for colonies Africa Africa France France England England Germany wants in Germany wants in Far east Far east Conflict between France, England, Russia, Japan and Germany Conflict between France, England, Russia, Japan and Germany

9. Militarism All countries building up armies All countries building up armies Police and control colonies Police and control colonies “Prepare” for war “Prepare” for war Armies and weapons as deterrent Armies and weapons as deterrent

10. Alliances Triple Entente Triple Entente France France Russia Russia Britain Britain Allied Powers during war Allied Powers during war

11. Alliances Triple Alliance Triple Alliance Austria-Hungary Austria-Hungary Germany Germany Italy Italy Central Powers Central Powers Ottoman Empire replaces Italy Ottoman Empire replaces Italy

12. June 28, 1914 Archduke Franz Ferdinand, Heir to Austro-Hungarian throne visits Sarajevo Archduke Franz Ferdinand, Heir to Austro-Hungarian throne visits Sarajevo And is assassinated And is assassinated Gavrilo Princip and the Black Hand Gavrilo Princip and the Black Hand Austria-Hungary issues ultimatum to Serbia Austria-Hungary issues ultimatum to Serbia Looking for excuse to punish Serbia Looking for excuse to punish Serbia

13. August 23,25, 1914: Japan declares war first on Germany, then on Austria Hungary July 28, 1914: Austria-Hungary declares War on Serbia July 28, 1914: Russia announces it will mobilize to defend Serbia August 1, 1914: Germany declares war on Russia August 6, 1914: Austria-Hungary declares war on Russia August 3, 1914: Germany declares war on France August 4, 1914: Germany declares war on Belgium August 4, 1914: England declares war on Germany August 6, 1914: Serbia declares war on Germany August 12, 1914: England & France declare war on Austria-Hungary November 2, 1914: Serbia and Russia declare war on Ottoman Empire November 5, 1914: Ottoman Empire declares war on England, France and Russia November 6, 1914: England and France declare war on the Ottoman Empire Japan