1. Scientific Revolution
Nicolaus Copernicus (Polish astronomer) challenged Ptolemy’s theories
Heliocentric Theory (earth, stars and other planets rotate around the sun)
Johannes Kepler added to Copernicus thoeries
Using math, proved that planets do move around the sun
Planets revolved in elliptical orbits

2. Galileo Galileo challenges classical ideas
With a telescope, he supported Copernicus ideas
Problem, it was a major conflict with the Catholic Church
The church forced him to publicly to deny his findings

3. Isaac Newton
Late 1600’s, Newton used Copernicus, Kepler & Galileo ideas and combined them into 1 theory
All objects are affected by the same force (gravity)
Gravity keeps planets revolving around the sun
It also keeps people from flying off the earth’s surface
Known as Universal Gravitation

4. Medicine
William Harvey published accurate description how blood moves through the body
Based it on human dissections
The heart was what pumped blood through the body (not the liver)

5. Inventions
In 1670, Dutch scientist named Anton van Leeuwenhoek builds a microscope
Observed bacteria in fluids
Viewed blood flow through blood vessels called capillaries

6. Inventions 1600’s Galileo invented the thermometer
1714 German scientist Gabriel Daniel Fahrenheit made the first mercury thermometer
Showed water froze at 32 degrees and boiled at 212 degrees

7. Inventions In 1643, Evangelista Torricelli invented the barometer
Measures the pressure of the Earth’s atmosphere
Today used to predict the weather

8. 2 Philosophers who changed the way of thinking
Rene Descartes
Francis Bacon

9. Rene Descartes
Believed that every idea should be doubted until it had be proven through reason
“I think, therefore I am”
God created two realities
Physical Reality
Mind Reality (what people think)
People could use their rational minds to understand the world

10. Francis Bacon
Believed people should use experiments & observation to understand the world
Scientific Method
Observe & describe the subject
Form a hypothesis
Test the hypothesis
Interpreting results to draw a conclusion

11. Scientific Rationalism
By the 1700’s the ideas of scientific rationalism had begun to erode the power of the Catholic church
Encouraged people to think for themselves
Political thinkers would use scientific rationalism in looking at government
This would plant the seeds for democracy