1. Chapter 14 The Age of Reform 1820-1860

2. Susan B. Anthony Women’s rights leader who called for temperance and coeducation When Susan and Anthony go to the same school its COED

3. John James Audubon Naturalist who drew pictures of birds

4. Dorothea Dix Improved conditions for the elderly, mentally ill, and prisoners Said “Lets FIX what’s wrong with the PRISONS”

5. Frederick Douglass Most widely known African American abolitionist Everyone DUG FRED!

6. Thomas Gallaudet Developed a method for teaching the deaf “Quick! CALL THE DEAF I can teach them to hear!”

7. William Lloyd Garrison Founded the abolitionist newspaper The Liberator LLOYD the LIBERATOR

8. Sarah and Angelina Grimke Asked to inherit slaved so that they could free them They knew the GRIM KEY to ending slavery was FREEING your slaves

9. Henry Wadsworth Longfellow Wrote story poems like the Song of Hiawatha He was a LONG winded FELLOW who wrote story poems

10. Elijah Lovejoy Killed for printing an abolitionist newspaper Someone was overJOYED when he was killed for printing an abolitionist newspaper

11. Horace Mann Leader of educational reform The MAN responsible for you going to SCHOOL

12. Elizabeth Cady Stanton Organizer of the “Seneca Falls Convention” and worked to get women the right to vote Elizabeth Cady STANTON took a STAND for women’s rights

13. Harriet Beecher Stowe Author of Uncle Tom’s Cabin Harriet STOWED away in UNCLE TOM’S CABIN

14. Henry David Thoreau Transcendentalist who went to jail for refusing to pay a tax to support the Mexican War Henry David THOREAU got THROWED in jail!

15. Sojourner Truth Escaped slave who changed her name from “Belle” and worked for abolition and women’s rights Was on a JOURNEY for the TRUTH about slavery

16. Harriet Tubman Most famous conductor of the “Underground Railroad” HARRIET Tubman had a very HAIRY job helping slaves escape on the Underground Railroad

17. abolitionists Reformers who worked to end slavery There could be ABSOLUTELY no SLAVERY

18. Quakers Faith of many of the leaders of the antislavery movement They “QUAKED” (shook) at the thought of SLAVERY

19. revival A series of meetings conducted by a preacher to arouse religious emotions He was REVIVED when the PREACHER threw water in his face.

20. Second Great Awakening A wave of religious fervor in the early 1800s that led to the reform movements People WOKE up and said “What can I do to make sure I get into HEAVEN?”

21. Seneca Falls Convention Gathering of women’s rights reformers The men FELL down when the WOMEN demanded equal RIGHTS!

22. suffrage The right to vote If you don’t VOTE you may SUFFER with someone else’s choices

23. temperance Drinking little or no alcohol DRINKING too much may lead to a bad TEMPER

24. transcendentalists Stressed the relationship between humans and nature TReehuggers (people who love NATURE) of their day.

25. Underground Railroad Network of escape R outes for slaves from the south to the north

26. Utopia A community based on a vision of a perfect society YOU want to live in a perfect place?

27. Wyoming First state to allow W omen the right to vote

28. Before the Civil War, America became a vast laboratory of experimentation about how to attain a just society through individual and social reform. Inspired by a religion that preached salvation through good works, Americans discovered all kinds of ways – from ecstatic religious revivals to temperance reform – to give a larger moral purpose to their lives. Gradually, these reform movements coalesced over the question of slavery. In the North, evolving conceptions about individual rights made increasing numbers reject the idea that democratic society could permit slavery. Counterattacking, southern leaders argued that the federal government could not supersede the rights of individuals in the separate states. Politically, the period was one of increasingly desperate compromise to avoid the threat that slavery posed to the Union. By the mid-1850s, the situation was so inflamed that compromise was no longer possible, and the nation moved to a showdown on the issue it had long avoided. -- From the “Reformers” exhibit at the Portrait Gallery in Washington, D.C.