1. Communicative Approach

2. SOME NAMES AND CONCEPTS Chomsky: competence and performance (compare also Saussure langue and parole) Hymes (1972): “communicative competence” as opposed to Chomsky’s (1965) “competence and performance” Austin, Searle, Wittgenstein Krashen – Natural Approach

3. European developments European Common Market Wilkins (1972)

4.  Communicative functions  Communicative competence  Meaning, focus on message  Interaction  Communication in real-life situations  Learner-centered, teacher as facilitator  Language in context  Fluency  Trial and error (risk-taking)  Appropriateness of language

5. STRONG Focus on function, some grammar taught explicitly WEAK Using language to learn it Absolutely no grammar taught explicitly Learning to use language

6. References Brown, Douglas H. (2000). Principles of language learning and teaching. 4th edition. White Plains, NY: Pearson Education. Chomsky, Noam (1976). Aspects of the theory of syntax. Cambridge: MIT Press. Hymes, Dell (1972). On communicative competence. In Pride, J.B. and J. Holmes (eds.). Solciolinguistics. Penguin, pp. 269-293. Lee, James F. and Bill VanPatten. Making communicative language teaching happen. 2nd edition. McGraw-Hill, 2003. Lightbown, Patsy M. and Nina Spada. How languages are learned. 2nd edition. Oxford: Oxford UP, 1999. Richards, Jack C. and Theodore Rogers. Approaches and methods in language teaching. 2nd edition. Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 2001