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Sex and Your Body Chapter Five
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Female Sex Organs External Female Genitals (Vulva)
Mons pubis Labia majora Labia minora Prepuce Clitoris Internal Female Genitals Vagina Uterus Cervix Ovaries Fallopian tube
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Figure 5.1 The female sex organs
Insert Figure 5-1 The Female sex organs
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Male Sex Organs Circumcision Penis Scrotum The glans Corpus spongiosum
Urethra Scrotum Function (Temperature 93.6 degrees F) Testes Epididymis Vas deferens Prostate gland Cowper’s glands Seminal vesicles Circumcision
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Male External Genitalia
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Figure 5.2 The male sex organs
Insert Figure 5-2 The male sex organs
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Hormones and The Reproductive Life Cycle
Sex Hormones Androgens: Sex hormones Testes produce testosterone Ovaries produce estrogen and progesterone Cortex of the adrenal gland produces androgens in both males and females Pituitary gland Hypothalamus
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Differentiation of the Embryo
Determined by the fertilizing sperm at the time of conception Conception - combining of 23 pairs of chromosomes Of the 23 pairs, one pair = sex chromosomes Egg carries an X sex chromosome Sperm carries either a X or Y chromosome XX provides the blueprint to produce a female XY provides the blueprint to produce a male
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Female Sexual Maturation
Physical changes begins around 8-13 with breast development and rapid body growth between 9 and 15. The 4 Phases of the Menstrual Cycle Menses Days 1-5 Estrogenic phase Days 6-13 Ovulation phase Day 14 Progestational phase Days 15-27
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Figure 5.4 The menstrual cycle
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Menstrual Problems Dysmenorrhea Premenstrual Tension (PT)
Cramps, bloating, nausea associated with the menstrual cycle Some symptoms caused from prostaglandins Premenstrual Tension (PT) Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) Premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) Pharmacological treatment Lifestyle changes to reduce symptoms Limit salt intake Exercise Don’t use alcohol or tobacco Eat a nutritious diet Relax
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Male Sexual Maturation
Normally occurs 2 years later than girls Begins about 10 or 11 years old Physical changes Testicular growth Penis growth Pubic hair growth Voice deepens Height growth
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Aging and Human Sexuality
Women: Menopause Ovaries gradually cease functioning Decreasing estrogen Increased risk of disease Men Gradual decrease of testosterone
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Sexual Response Cycle Four phases typically characterize the sexual response cycle: Excitement phase Plateau phase Orgasmic phase Males (refractory phase) Resolution phase
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Figure 5.5 Stages of the Sexual Response Cycle
Insert Figure 5-5 Stages of the Sexual Response cycle © 2010 McGraw-Hill Companies. All Rights Reserved.
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Sexual Problems Biological conditions affecting women: Vaginitis
Vaginismus Endometriosis Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID) 50-75% of PID cases are caused by STDs Biological conditions affecting men: Prostatitis (acute vs. chronic) Testicular cancer Most common in men in their twenties and thirties
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Sexual Dysfunctions Common sexual dysfunctions Treatment
Male – Erectile dysfunction Premature ejaculation Delayed ejaculation Women – orgasmic dysfunction Treatment Physical examination Pharmaceutical Relaxation and massage techniques Sources of Sexual Dysfunctions Psychosocial Behavioral
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Sexual Behavior The development of sexual behavior
Gender roles and gender identity Gender role is everything you do in your daily life that expresses your maleness or femaleness Gender identity is your personal, inner sense of being male or female Transsexuals –feel that their biological sex does not match their gender identity Transvestites – wear clothing identified with the other gender Intersexed –born with ambiguous genitals, neither fully female nor fully male.
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Sexual Orientation Person’s preference in sex partners
Heterosexuality Homosexuality Bisexuality Origins of sexual orientation Biological and genetic factors Learning theory
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