1. Sex and Your Body
Chapter Five

2. Female Sex Organs External Female Genitals (Vulva)
Mons pubis
Labia majora
Labia minora
Prepuce
Clitoris
Internal Female Genitals
Vagina
Uterus
Cervix
Ovaries
Fallopian tube

3. Figure 5.1 The female sex organs
Insert Figure 5-1 The Female sex organs

4. Male Sex Organs Circumcision Penis Scrotum The glans Corpus spongiosum
Urethra
Scrotum
Function: Allows for sperm development at a temperature cooler than the body (93.6 degrees F)
Testes
Epididymis
Vas deferens
Prostate gland
Cowper’s glands
Seminal vesicles
Circumcision

5. Male External Genitalia

6. Figure 5.2 The male sex organs
Insert Figure 5-2 The male sex organs

7. Hormones and The Reproductive Life Cycle
Sex Hormones
Adrenal cortex produces androgens = Sex hormones
Testes produce testosterone
Ovaries produce estrogen and progesterone
Pituitary gland produces LH and FSH
Hypothalamus (controls the release of hormones from pituitary)

8. Differentiation of the Embryo
Determined by the fertilizing sperm at the time of conception
Conception - combining of 23 pairs of chromosomes
Of the 23 pairs, one pair = sex chromosomes
Egg carries an X sex chromosome
Sperm carries either a X or Y chromosome
XX provides the blueprint to produce a female
XY provides the blueprint to produce a male

9. Female Sexual Maturation
Physical changes begins around 8-13 with breast development and rapid body growth between 9 and 15.
The 4 Phases of the Menstrual Cycle
Menses
Days 1-5
Estrogenic phase
Days 6-13
Ovulation phase
Day 14
Progestational phase
Days 15-27

10. Figure 5.4 The menstrual cycle

11. Menstrual Problems Dysmenorrhea Premenstrual Tension (PT)
Cramps, bloating, nausea associated with the menstrual cycle
Some symptoms caused from prostaglandins
Premenstrual Tension (PT)
Premenstrual syndrome (PMS)
Premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD)
Pharmacological treatment
Lifestyle changes to reduce symptoms
Limit salt intake
Exercise
Don’t use alcohol or tobacco
Eat a nutritious diet
Relax

12. Male Sexual Maturation
Normally occurs 2 years later than girls
Begins about 10 or 11 years old
Physical changes
Testicular growth
Penis growth
Pubic hair growth
Voice deepens
Increase in height

13. Aging and Human Sexuality
Women: Menopause
Ovaries gradually cease functioning
Decreasing estrogen levels
Increased risk of disease
Men
Gradual decrease of testosterone
Loss of energy/sex drive/stamina

14. Sexual Response Cycle
Four phases typically characterize the sexual response cycle:
Excitement phase
Plateau phase
Orgasmic phase
Males (refractory phase)
Resolution phase

15. Sexual Problems Biological conditions affecting women: Vaginitis
Vaginismus
Endometriosis
Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID)
50-75% of PID cases are caused
by STDs
Biological conditions affecting men:
Prostatitis (acute vs. chronic)
Testicular cancer
Most common in men in their twenties and thirties

16. Sexual Dysfunctions Common sexual dysfunctions Treatment
Male –
Erectile dysfunction
Premature ejaculation
Delayed ejaculation
Women –
orgasmic dysfunction
Treatment
Physical examination
Pharmaceutical
Relaxation and massage techniques
Sources of Sexual Dysfunctions
Psychosocial
Behavioral

17. Sexual Behavior The development of sexual behavior
Gender roles and gender identity
Gender role is everything you do in your daily life that expresses your maleness or femaleness
Gender identity is your personal, inner sense of being male or female
Transsexuals –feel that their biological sex does not match their gender identity
Transvestites – wear clothing identified with the other gender
Intersexed –born with ambiguous genitals, neither fully female nor fully male.