1. Life Span Lecture 7 Chapter 7 Toddlerhood

2. 1-3 years Growth – Slow & Steady Areas of focus – Gross & fine motor – Language – Autonomy

3. Height & Weight Height – @3 inch / year Weight – @5 pounds / year

4. Body proportions Extremities grow faster than trunk 2 yr – Potbelly – Lordosis 3 yr – Slender – Stronger – Erect posture

5. Face & Teeth Dentist Fluoride Brushing Thumb sucking – Self-limiting

6. Bone Development Ossification – Cartilage  – Bone Greenstick fx

7. Sensory Development 3 yrs – 20/20 vision – Visual acuity Amblyopia – “Lazy eye” – Diplopia – Eye patch the good eye

8. Sensory Development Eustachian tube – Connect middle ear  – Pharynx Structure – Shorter – Wider

9. Vital Signs Temp – 98 – 99 o F Pulse – 90 – 120/ min Resp – 20 – 30 / min BP – 100/65

10. Developmental Milestones Related to – independent function

11. Gross motor Balance 1 foot Jump Steps Run

12. Fine motor Self-feeding Dressing Rides tricycle Simple puzzles Blocks Copies circles / lines Turns knobs Opens lids

13. Toilet training Help undressing Accidents Age – 2 – 3 ½ yrs

14. Psychosocial development: Autonomy Independence Freedom of choice

15. Psychosocial development: Discipline Simple & direct – f/b diversion Consistent Routine Frustration  – negativistic behavior “Time out”

16. Psychosocial development: Separation anxiety Warm & affectionate Comfort items Sibling rivalry Regression

17. Cognitive development Global perspective Object permanence “magical” age Egocentric view Time

18. Moral Development Parent’s moral code  child's moral code Promote Self-Esteem

19. Communication Automatic & spontaneous Understand before they can express 2 yrs – 2 word sentences – 50 word vocabulary 3 yrs – 3 word sentences – Noun & verb – 1,000 word vocabulary

20. Nutrition Est. eating habits Amounts & Variety Growth – Protein – Calcium – Iron – Phosphorus – Vitamins 2-3 yrs – Eating same food as family

21. Nutrition Caloric intake – 1,300 cal/day Plain vs mixed Ritualistic behavior Idea meal plan – 3 small meal – 3 nutritious snacks Routine Socialization

22. Sleep and Rest Nap Ritual Nightmares – Brief comfort

23. Play Mimic Symbolic play Parallel play Toys – Fine and gross motor