1. DALI Installation: A Case Study
LightFair Seminar 22 May 8, :30 AM
Owner - HOK
Daryl Dalling - Dynalectric
Pete Horton – The Watt Stopper
Richard Miller – RNM Engineering
Charles Knuffke – The Watt Stopper

2. Represented by: Rick Miller
The Owner
Represented by: Rick Miller

3. One Bush Street
Historic Landmark

4. Design Team Interior designed by HOK
Structural designed by Middlebrook + Louie
Lighting designed by J.S.Nolan & Associates
MEP systems design/built by the Contractor

5. Design Parameters Economic Climate Landmark Building
Concealed Spline Ceiling
1 x 4 Parabolic Lighting Fixture
Landlord’s Tenant Design Requirements
LEED™ CI Prototype Certification

6. Second Floor Plan

7. Third Floor Plan

8. The Engineer
By: Rick Miller

9. 1 x 4 Parabolic Luminaire
2-F40T12 over/under lamps, magnetic ballast, tandem wired, pre-fabricated wiring
Hello DALI !
1-F32T8 single lamp, DALI ballast
Power reduction from 92 watts to 35 watts

10. DALI Design Parameters
Decide DALI Bus to run with Lighting Circuit
Max loading of circuits based on lighting watts
Max DALI address per bus
DALI ballast and DALI controllers consume power
DALI power supply is limited to 250 ma
Actual power supply is 150 ma

11. Second Floor Control Groups

12. Third Floor Control Groups

13. Second Floor DALI Bus

14. Third Floor DALI Bus

15. HOK DALI Summary Total 2nd FL 3rd FL Item 376 195 181 DALI Addresses
333
169
164
DALI Ballasts 6 4 2
DALI Relays 120V 32 17 15
DALI Relays 277V 47 27 20
DALI Groups 5
DALI A / V Relays 45 25
DALI 5-scene Controller 3
DALI 4-scene Controller 11
DALI Busses 10
277 Volt Lighting Circuits

16. HOK DALI Summary Total 2nd FL 3rd FL Item 26,315 13,831 12,484
Connected Lighting Watts
29,425
14,685
14,740
Square Feet per Floor
0.89
0.94
0.85
Watts per SF

17. LEED EA Credit 1.1 Allowed W/SF Allowed Watts Actual Watts % Reduction
Allowed W/SF
Allowed Watts
Actual Watts
% Reduction
ASHRAE
1.3
38,252
26,315
31%
CA T24
1.2
35,310
25%
Reduce lighting power density to 30% below the standard, (2 points)

18. The Contractor
By: Daryl Dalling

19. Design Build Guidelines
Specifications- Provide outline of minimum quality and expectations
Historical Requirements- Dictate a portion of the scope or design (ie. Cannot penetrate or deface existing surfaces)
Building Management Requirements- In this case we had specific fixture requirements, as well as set back restrictions, lamp colors, BMS and lighting control interface

20. (cont’d) Design Build Guidelines
Lighting Restrictions- Lighting (fluorescent vs. incandescent), especially in California can get tricky with Energy Conservation Act Title 24. Lighting budget also plays into lighting design
Lighting Control- Title 24 has minimum guidelines. Design criteria and use of space are also implemented

21. (cont’d) Design Build Guidelines
All Applicable Codes- This dictates wiring methods, egress, fire-life safety,etc.
Budget- Small budget, Fewer options

22. Process of Selecting Lighting Package
Package: Package is the keyword. Key resource is the Light Representatives
Design Criteria:Understanding Spec & Scope
Budget: Critical element is to match dollars with space requirements
Communication: Sales & marketing insure client understanding final package

23. Base Bid Lighting Controls Criteria
Use of Space
Conference Rooms
Small Offices
Large Open Areas
Title 24 (must be implemented)
Building Management Interface
Owner Design Criteria

24. Control Methods: Standard Lighting Control
Individual switching of office and open areas
LV Lighting Control Panel and Local Devices
Multi-Level Switching
Two Gang Devices/Two Ballast Fixtures
Dimming of a single room or fixture
Fluorescent Dimmers & Dimming Ballast
(continued)

25. Control Methods: Standard Lighting Control
Dimming to a pre-set scene sequence
Full Grafik Eye System
Occupancy Sensors

26. Control Methods: DALI Lighting Control
Individual switching of office and open areas
via DALI
Multi-Level Switching – via DALI
Dimming of a single room or fixture – via DALI
Dimming to a pre-set scene sequence – via DALI
Occupancy Sensors – non DALI

27. Bringing the System Together
Fixture Package
Fixture Control
DALI Protocol
DALI Ballast - Coordinate with fixture manufacture
Electrician - Willing electrician; Education of the simple install
DALI Magic - DALI compatible switching, interface solutions (non DALI fixtures), and startup & commissioning)

28. PRO-Electrical Quotes
More forgiving (all switching options are always available, whereas conventional switching requires multiple switch legs)
Smaller pipe and fewer wires to pull
Layout is simple
Changes or added switches are easy
Quicker lighting control installation

29. (cont’d) PRO Electrical Quotes
Change order friendly (owner & contractor)
Non-electrical programming (software based)
Ballast self-addressing (no dip switches)
Troubleshoot wiring easier (fewer wires and make-up)

30. CON-Electrical Quotes
Interface wiring between ballast and fixture manufacturer was poor/bad wiring (a few mis-wired ballasts)
Electricians worried about mixed voltages and make-up in common boxes
DALI on a non-conduit installation (ie. MC) no value savings in labor
Call backs could be confusing to service people

31. Summary
When questioned, all of the electricians involved would do another DALI system. All were impressed and thought it was a good education.

32. The Manufacturer
By: Pete Horton

33. Minimum Requirements to Build a System
DALI Ballast
DALI power supply (Bus controller / Bus Master)
Local Controller

34. Starfield Interface Switches
HOK DALI Schematic
Tridonic DALI
CFL Ballasts
H/N/G plus 2 DALI wires
CFL Ballasts
Additional DALI Busses
Tridonic DALI Linear Fluorescent Dimming ballasts
Tridonic DALI Relay / Watt Stopper ON/OFF Relays
DALI wired bus - 2-wire topology & polarity independent - up to 64 devices
DALI Ballast
Blind/Motor
controller
DALI Controls
Non-DALI Devices
Watt Stopper / Starfield Scene Switches
An overview of some of the controls in a DALI system.
This diagram is representative of the controls used at the HOK building in San Francisco.
There are three different communication protocols used in this diagram.
The DALI control loops, five are shown here due to the number of ballasts or power consumption of the DALI bus.
RS-232 protocol from the Router to the DALI loop controllers
TC/PIP over Ethernet from the PC’s to the Router
DALI BUS is topology and polarity independent
Multiple manufacturers products will be used for a typical solution, therefore it is important that there be a system integrator or controls company taking system responsibility. At HOK, there were three manufacturers involved in the solution. Tridonic provided the PC Software, loop controllers, and ballasts; The Watt Stopper provided the scene controllers, DALI relays, and system commissioning; and Starfield provided the DALI relay switches for integration into the audio Video equipment.
Employee Workstation for lighting overrides
Starfield Interface Switches
WinDim Control Interface
Tridonic DALI
Bus Controllers
WinDim Net Server
Router
IP over LAN

35. DALI System Components
Tridonic
Ballasts
Linear fluorescent 1/2 F32T8 & 1/2 F54T5HO.
CFL
Loop Controller (Bus Masters)
Software
Palm-Dim
Win-Dim
Win-Dim net
Watt Stopper
Scene Controls
4 button scene switches
Relay Modules
Non dimmed lighting
Required components to have a working system.
The ballast which stores the memory and accepts DALI Commands.
The Loop Controller or Bus Master provides power to the DALI buss and acts as a protocol translator.
Control devices based upon the application and desired control. Without control the control devices the lights will operate at 100% light level.
Optional Control Devices
Group Controls may include occupancy sensors, photo sensors or demand controllers. Typical action is “group to light level”
Scene controls can be represented by multi-button wall switches. Typical control is “Group A to Level, Group B to OFF”
Relay Modules accept DALI commands for ON/OFF control of non DALI loads. Typical applications are non DALI lighting and Audio Video Equipment.
NEMA is working on making sure devices play nice.

36. DALI System Components
Starfield
Scene Controls
In Conference rooms to match A/V controls
Switch / relays
Shade Controls
Projector Lift
Screen up/down
Key Issue was that devices could coexist with other manufacturer’s devices without causing the system to crash or other devices not to work (“play nice” requirement)
Required components to have a working system.
The ballast which stores the memory and accepts DALI Commands.
The Loop Controller or Bus Master provides power to the DALI buss and acts as a protocol translator.
Control devices based upon the application and desired control. Without control the control devices the lights will operate at 100% light level.
Optional Control Devices
Group Controls may include occupancy sensors, photo sensors or demand controllers. Typical action is “group to light level”
Scene controls can be represented by multi-button wall switches. Typical control is “Group A to Level, Group B to OFF”
Relay Modules accept DALI commands for ON/OFF control of non DALI loads. Typical applications are non DALI lighting and Audio Video Equipment.
NEMA is working on making sure devices play nice.

37. Ballast Supports two way communications Stores group / scene programs
Monitors lamp performance, provides energy consumption data.
Provides predictable dimming response
Issue – CFL ballast were not available until after the space was occupied, which created the need for a UL DALI relay module.
The ballast represents the highest cost of all the components in the system.
They are individually addressed and controlled.
Ballasts store their own programs regarding their address, and the 16 scenes and groups to which they are in.
The ballasts can report the following information on their status…

38. DALI Loop Controller (Bus Master)
Required for any DALI System
Provides power for the DALI dataline
Actual power supplied was 150 ma, not 250 ma as specified.
Ballast quantity or power consumption dictates bus quantities.
Provides protocol translation from DALI - RS-232
One required for every 64 DALI ballasts

39. Scene / Group Switches Single gang four button switches
Individual office control.
Ballast and non dimmed CFL control
Open Office Control
Arrive / Depart Group Control
Includes group raise / lower function.

40. Scene Control - Presets
Meeting
Scene 2
Projection
Scene 3
Presentation
Scene 4
Discussion

41. DALI Relay Controls Available in Power Packs or switch configuration.
Used for ON/OFF control off non DALI loads.
Used for:
Non DALI lighting loads
Audio Video Equipment
Shades / Blinds
NON DALI Ballast or other load
Power Wiring
DALI Relay Module
Watt Stopper Power Pack
DALI Bus

42. Router
Used to convert eight RS-232 DALI bus controllers to single Ethernet I./P address.
Expensive and provides little value.

43. Software for Commissioning
Assigned unique address for each ballast
Address routine brings one ballast to 100%, dims all other ballasts on network.
Supports replacement or addition of ballasts
Allows manual control of ballasts
Configures scenes and groups.

44. Software for Operation
PC based
Manages single DALI bus control
Allows monitoring and control
Server Features
Manages multiple DALI bus controls
Provides
Scheduling
Multi bus communication.
Allows employee workstations to interface to DALI network.
Stores historical data

45. Lessons Learned Significant IT requirements for this project.
One manufacturer doesn’t have everything yet.
Scheduling needs additional development.
Distributed Processing

46. The Commissioner
By: Charles Knuffke

47. The Goal of Commissioning
Verify all components are installed properly and working as specified.
To ensure that the owner has complete documentation on the system as it was installed.

48. Why DALI Commissioning is extra important
More points of control than ever before
More wire in the ceiling than most systems
More capabilities means more settings to deal with

49. DALI Requirements All components must be completely installed
Line Voltage Wiring, DALI Communication Bus, All Ballasts and Fixtures, and any DALI Override devices
No Faking It!
If power is shut off to DALI bus, all lamps go to 100% by default.

50. Start by reviewing the Hardware
5 Bus Masters and a Router in a Custom Enclosure

51. And the switches Four 4-Button Master Switches by the Main Entry
Four Interface and two 4-Button Switches in the Large Conf. Room

52. Once everything is ready
Each ballast address assigned by software wizard, so they are not readily apparent.
Commissioning the 1st Bus took 15 minutes, next bus didn’t get finished before the end of the first day.
Start with a Clean Reflected Ceiling diagram and a sharp red pencil.

53. DALI Addressing DALI Bus DALI Ballast Bus Master 2 4 10 5 8 11 14 1612 1 9 26 6 7 3 13 27 25 24 23 33 20 31 37 28 36 32 15 18 17 22 19 30 21 38 29 35 34 39

54. Identifying the Addresses
Once each ballast was assigned, 2 people work together to select the address in software, and match it with a fixture in the space.
“Optical Feedback” made the process easy. However, tenants needed to be advised that we would be testing the system.
Software has since added a strobe feature.
Several times we had a bus that had to be re-addressed. This turned out to be due to a bug in the software.

55. 2 4 10 1 6 7 3

56. DALI Software
4 Separate Tools – Palm Handheld, DALI Tool, WinDim, WinDim-net
Looking forward to Software improvements.
Originally info entered into ballasts via WinDim was going to have to be re-entered into WinDim-net software (approximately 2400 setpoints).
Some places, groups were numbered 0-15, others 1-16.

57. Setting Up the System
Ballast were assigned to groups, and levels (from 0-255) were set for the various scenes. Groups were exclusive, and easy to track.
Commands from WinDim could be used to communicate to devices in 3 address manners
Broadcast = All Devices
Group = Specific Group from 1-16
Address = Specific Ballast

58. Excel to the rescue…

59. ...again…

60. …and again!

61. Troubleshooting
Had Electrician look for ~16VDC on the DALI bus to the ballasts, and verify ballast wiring.
Used the software to detect failures, and sent override commands from the software
Dataline switch, in addition to overriding groups, had two testing features that helped
Broadcast On/Off
Raise Lower entire Group

62. Project Takeaways Knowing the Bus wire runs is Key.
Working with the electrician who did the bus wiring is even better.
Keep the busses manageable, and try to control obvious groups together.
Get full info on all equipment to be interfaced
Conference room has projector lift, screen and shade controllers. However, lift used a 24V signal, and switch contacts was 120V output.

63. Project Takeaways

64. Advice for Future Commissioners
Learn to use Microsoft Excel
Make sure you’ve got time to check out system, and understand how checkout will impact occupants.
Each time we connected to a specific bus, we had to re-initialize, and that caused all lights to drop to low level.
Startup up of this site required approximately 60 hours over 12 visits. This broke down to be about 1/3 “New Technology issues”, 1/3 problem issues, and 1/3 revising setpoints to meet owner desires.

65. DALI still in Early Adopter Stage
High tech, but based on Ballast communication within a single DALI Bus
Difficult to take a contact closure across different busses.
No memory of previous levels.
Central Server PC issues commands for standard scheduling.

66. Hope for Advances
Open protocol with information stored in the ballast.
Offers an opportunity for other companies to develop software, and drives existing package to improve.
Existing Bus Master is RS-232 In –> DALI Out.
Future Bus Masters could have other inputs, and logic to assist initial troubleshooting.

67. The Owner

68. The Owner
has the final word

73. Benefits to Owner daylight harvesting energy conservation
amount of control
daylight harvesting
energy conservation
sustainable design
LEED experience

75. The End fe

76. Q & A