2. Imperium in Imperio - Separation of the Black Race

3. “Sutton E. Griggs vision of a separate African-American nation in his novel “Imperium in Imperio” (1899) is reflected in Black Nationalist movements of the 20 th century.”

4. Structure| Imperium in Imperio| R.Grzona | 01/16/2013 Presentation Structure 1.Problems of the two Protagonists 2.A separate African-American Nation 3.Reflections Black Nationalist Movements 4.Conclusion 5.Group Discussion

5. Protagonists| Imperium in Imperio| R.Grzona | 01/16/20132 Belton Piedmont & Bernard Belgrave

6. Protagonists| Imperium in Imperio| R.Grzona | 01/16/20133 “That black nigger [Belton] has beat the yellow one all to pieces this time, but we don’t like to see nigger blood triumph over any Anglo-Saxon blood. Aint there any loop-hole where we can give it to Bernard, anyhow?” - (Griggs, page 35)

7. Protagonists| Imperium in Imperio| R.Grzona | 01/16/20134 - skin color caused rejection -

8. Protagonists| Imperium in Imperio| R.Grzona | 01/16/20135 “I had to choose between you and my race” - (Griggs, page 175)

9. Separate Nation| Imperium in Imperio| R.Grzona | 01/16/20136 Presentation Structure 1.Problems of the two Protagonists 2.A separate African-American Nation 3.Reflections Black Nationalist Movements 4.Conclusion 5.Group Discussion

10. Separate Nation| Imperium in Imperio| R.Grzona | 01/16/20137 Why should African-Americans need a state for themselves?

11. Separate Nation| Imperium in Imperio| R.Grzona | 01/16/20138

12. Separate Nation| Imperium in Imperio| R.Grzona | 01/16/20139 “The Negro finds himself an unprotected foreigner in his own home” - (Griggs, page 182)

13. Separate Nation| Imperium in Imperio| R.Grzona | 01/16/201310

14. Separate Nation| Imperium in Imperio| R.Grzona | 01/16/201311

15. Separate Nation| Imperium in Imperio| R.Grzona | 01/16/201312 Belton (PEN) vs. Bernard (SWORD)

16. Separate Nation| Imperium in Imperio| R.Grzona | 01/16/201313 Bernard’s Plan 1.No longer conceal Imperium 2.Acquire Texas 3.Being a separate & distinct race in the U.S.

17. Movements| Imperium in Imperio| R.Grzona | 01/16/201314 Presentation Structure 1.Problems of the two Protagonists 2.A separate African-American Nation 3.Reflections Black Nationalist Movements 4.Conclusion 5.Group Discussion

18. Movements| Imperium in Imperio| R.Grzona | 01/16/201315 Marcus Garvey’s Back-to-Africa Movement

19. Movements| Imperium in Imperio| R.Grzona | 01/16/201316 Nation of Islam (NOI)

20. Movements| Imperium in Imperio| R.Grzona | 01/16/201317 Nation of Islam (NOI)

21. Conclusion| Imperium in Imperio| R.Grzona | 01/16/201318 Presentation Structure 1.Problems of the two Protagonists 2.A separate African-American Nation 3.Reflections Black Nationalist Movements 4.Conclusion 5.Group Discussion

22. Conclusion| Imperium in Imperio| R.Grzona | 01/16/201319 In conclusion..

23. Conclusion| Imperium in Imperio| R.Grzona | 01/16/201320.. the image of a separate nation that is emphasized in “Imperium in Imperio” written by Sutton E. Griggs, can be discovered in Black Nationalist movements of the 20 th century and it exists until today to prevent the African-American race from facing racial discrimination and keeping their race alive.

24. Discussion| Imperium in Imperio| R.Grzona | 01/16/201321 Presentation Structure 1.Problems of the two Protagonists 2.A separate African-American Nation 3.Reflections Black Nationalist Movements 4.Conclusion 5.Group Discussion

25. Discussion| Imperium in Imperio| R.Grzona | 01/16/201322 In the final chapters Belton argues against War as a solution. He mentions positive aspects brought to the black race with the help of the white people – what do you think does he have in mind?

26. Discussion| Imperium in Imperio| R.Grzona | 01/16/201323 What is your opinion on a separate nation – Is it good or bad? And what are advantages or disadvantages? Do you know a current example?

27. Sources| Imperium in Imperio| R.Grzona | 01/16/201324 Fleming, Robert E. 1960-. “Sutton E. Griggs: Militant Black novelist”. In Phylon 1960-, Vol. 34, No. 1 (1973): 73-77. Clark Atlanta University. Griggs, Sutton E. 1899. “Imperium in Imperio”. In Electronic Text Center, University of Virginia Library. Electronic Version. Accessed January 3, 2013. http://etext.lib.virginia.edu/etcbin/toccer-new2?id=GriImpe.sgm&images=images/modeng&data=/texts/english/modeng/parsed&tag=public&part=all. http://etext.lib.virginia.edu/etcbin/toccer-new2?id=GriImpe.sgm&images=images/modeng&data=/texts/english/modeng/parsed&tag=public&part=all Haley, Alex. 1999. “The Autobiography of Malcolm X”. New York: Ballantine Books. Houston, Helen R. “Sutton E. Griggs”. In Digital Library, Tennessee State University. Electronic Version. Accessed January 3, 2013. http://ww2.tnstate.edu/library/digital/griggs.htm. http://ww2.tnstate.edu/library/digital/griggs.htm Lee, Martha F. 1996. “The Nation of Islam, an American Millenarian Movement. Syracuse: Syracuse University Press. “Malcolm X on An Independent Black State (October 11, 1963).” July 20, 2007. Video clip. Accessed January 02, 2013. YouTube. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=llYvZS-XzWchttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=llYvZS-XzWc. “Marcus Garvey”. In The Journal of Negro History, Vol. 25, No.4 (1940): 590-592. Association for the Study of African American Life and History, Inc. “The Muslim Program (Wants & Beliefs”. Nation of Islam. Accessed January 02, 2013. http://noi.org/about_beliefs_and_wants.shtml.http://noi.org/about_beliefs_and_wants.shtml “The New Black Panther Party for Self Defense: Ideology”. Anti-Defamation League. Accessed January 02, 2013. http://www.adl.org/main_Extremism/new_black_panther_party.htm?Multi_page_sections=sHeading_3http://www.adl.org/main_Extremism/new_black_panther_party.htm?Multi_page_sections=sHeading_3.

28. Images| Imperium in Imperio| R.Grzona | 01/16/201325 http://lcweb2.loc.gov/ammem/aap/photo01.jpg http://docsouth.unc.edu/church/morris/morri321.jpg http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-Z9eDFxoJME0/Ty_2qWRYzEI/AAAAAAAAAiQ/fYafINZSTkw/s1600/400000000000000076279_s4.jpg http://rajivawijesinha.files.wordpress.com/2012/01/no-colored-allowed-black-americana-cast-iron-sign-10x4_220665307171.jpg http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-Pc1l9zr-SxY/TZzv7pdjMEI/AAAAAAAAAA4/YdTYMvnNMrY/s1600/african-american-citizens-sitting-in-the-rear-of-the-bus-in-compliance-with- florida-segregation-law-posters+%25281%2529.jpg http://www.davidduke.com/images/Whites-Only.jpg http://24.media.tumblr.com/tumblr_m4k5obXlyk1r2gow4o1_400.jpg http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-PbiVKqED0I8/Tyrl5uE0bzI/AAAAAAAAAZw/IkWDh0mxlzI/s1600/branding-slaves.jpg http://answersinhistory.files.wordpress.com/2007/01/slavery.jpg http://www.nps.gov/liho/historyculture/images/slavery.jpg http://www.bilderberg.org/3DGREPT2.JPG http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-Di1z1qgBLSI/T88W-3wT8pI/AAAAAAAABhc/WTKKj0SG6ck/s1600/pen+Mightier+than+Sword.JPG http://www.ezilon.com/maps/images/usa/texas_simple.gif http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-jF8Ntd5du7A/TeNtGYM3dUI/AAAAAAAADXA/FMl8zDFDcfc/s1600/Mgarvey%255B1%255D.jpg http://www.garveyfoundation.com/archives/images/BlackStarAd.gif http://blog.blogtalkradio.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/10/Audio_Icon.jpg http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-kCi3B1KasxM/UJQ7Rti0ZsI/AAAAAAAACUg/wWaXwWxniks/s1600/MALCOLM-X.jpg Images in order of appearance:

29. THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION.