1. Child Development

2. Types of Development Physical: growth of the body Intellectual: Ability to think, understand, communicate Emotional: Feelings and emotions Social: Interacting with others Moral: Understanding right and wrong

3. Infancy: Birth to One Year Physical Development: The head is the largest part of the body when born First 6 months babies gain 1-2 lbs per month! Reflex – automatic, involuntary response Explore the world by putting EVERYTHING in their mouth Vision is blurry at first Large motor skills: roll over, sit, stand, and begin to walk!

4. Intellectual Development: Communicate through crying and cooing Modeling – imitating the actions of others Emotional Development: Show LOVE to infants Infants form a bond with caregivers

5. Social Development: Babies can smile at 3 months Recognize the difference between familiar and unfamiliar faces May show stranger anxiety Moral Development: None – Infants do not understand right and wrong

6. Toddlers: One to Three Years Physical: Growth usually slows down Large motor: walks, runs, stairs, throws objects, jumps, climbs Small motor: turns pages in book, scribbles – draws circles, buttons/zippers, builds block towers Safety is important! Baby gates, cabinet locks Toilet training after 20 months

7. Intellectual: Words – short phrases – sentences Understand cause and effect Tell the difference in sizes and shapes Very creative and curious! Emotional: Self Centered – Thinking only of your own needs and not others – egocentric “No” becomes favorite word – temper tantrums Emotional roller coaster “Terrible Twos”

8. Social: Parallel Play – when toddlers play NEXT to each other but not together Struggle with their dependence on others and their need to be independent Learning to share Moral: Morality – understanding of right and wrong

9. Preschoolers: Three to Five Years Physical: Arms and legs lengthen to catch up with body Movements are not as clumsy as toddlers Ride bikes, throws with control, cuts in straight line, ties shoelaces

10. Intellectual: Learning to count and recognize colors and letters Make-believe Much larger vocabulary Reading to children is VERY important Emotional: Verbal skills make it easier to express feelings Experience more emotions: fear, joy, pride, anger, jealousy

11. Social: Cooperative Play: children play in group together Learn how to share and get along with a group Children have “best friends” Moral: Continue to learn basic moral concepts

12. School-Age: Five to Ten Years Physical: Baby teeth are replaced by permanent teeth Children can participate in games that involve running and jumping because they have better control of their bodies Small motor skills improve for writing and drawing Intellectual: Children start spending more time in structured atmospheres away from home with other kids and adults Learn math, reading, and science Children expand their vocabularies by 3000 words a year

13. Emotional: Stress due to academic pressures, family problems, life changes Social: Outside of the family more often and form peer groups at school Moral: Children begin to care about what others think and want to be “good”