1. Creating the Constitution

2. The Constitutional Convention Creation of a federal system with limited power  Montesquieu Three Branch System  Legislative – make laws  Executive – enforce or carry out laws  Judicial – interpret laws (what does it mean) Each would be able to check the power of the other two – Checks and Balances –

3. The Constitutional Convention Issues to resolve 1. How would the new legislative body be structured? 2. How to provide representation in the legislature? 3. How to elect the executive?

4. Virginia Plan Presented by Edmund Randolph Two houses  bicameral Representation would be based on population Favored by larger states – Why? Governor of Virginia (lawyer)

5. New Jersey Plan Presented by William Paterson single house  unicameral Representation would be equal for each state Favored by smaller states – Why? Attorney General of NJ

6. Great Compromise Presented by Roger Sherman  Connecticut Compromise Attempt to gain support of large and small states Keep most of the Virginia Plan but split representation by the two houses

8. United States Congress House of Representatives lower house based on pop. Senate upper house 2 per state

9. The Population Question House of Representatives membership is based on population What about slaves?  People  Property Three-Fifths Compromise

10. Creation of the Electoral College An indirection election for the chief executive  President States chose delegates to the Electoral College Electoral College cast votes for the states  More educated/informed  Representation of the general population