1. Do Now November 8, 2012

2. 3. Which of the following statements is true?
1. Adding _______ causes the particles in a solid, liquid, or gas to move farther apart and faster.
gravity
heat
mass
all of these
2. Which of the following correctly lists the states of matter from the most particle movement to the least particle movement?
gas, liquid, solid
solid, liquid, gas
liquid, solid, gas
gas, solid, liquid
3. Which of the following statements is true?
Solid particles can vibrate, but gas and liquid particles cannot vibrate.
Gas and liquid particles are always moving, but solid particles do not move.
Molecules that compose matter only move when heat is added.
Molecules that compose matter are in constant motion.

3. Phases of Matter: Solid matter that has definite volume and shape.
The molecules are packed together tightly and move slowly.
Liquid
matter that has definite volume but not shape.
Since the molecules of a liquid are loosely packed and move with greater speed,
a liquid can flow and spread.
Gas
matter that has no definite volume or shape.
Molecules of a gas are so loosely arranged and move so rapidly that they will fill their container.

4. Phase Change Descriptions:
Melting
the change from solid to liquid.
Freezing
the change from liquid to solid.
Vaporization
the change from liquid to gas.
Evaporation
vaporization from the surface of a liquid.
Boiling
vaporization from within as well as from the surface of a liquid.
Condensation
the change from gas to liquid.
Sublimation
the change from solid to gas.
Deposition
the change from gas to solid.

5. Phase Change Diagram

6. Water Water exists on our planet in three states.
Ice, water, and water vapor
What causes water to be in one phase or another?

7. ENERGY

8. ENERGY
When energy is added to a substance that energy causes the particles in the substance to move faster and farther apart.
What happens to the particles when energy is taken away from a substance?

9. Phase Change
Energy content is responsible for the different phases of matter.
Matter can be made to change phase when energy is added to or taken away from a substance.
ENERGY

10. Block of Ice to Steam
Block of Ice to Water Vapor

11. Melting- Solid to Liquid
Melting is the changing of a solid to a liquid when the substance absorbs heat energy.
Melting Point
Water ° C.
Table salt ° C.
Diamond ° C.

12. Freezing- Liquid to Solid
Opposite of melting: liquid changing to a solid is freezing.
Freezing occurs when a substance loses heat energy.
The freezing point of a substance is equal to the melting point!

13. Phase Change Graph

14. Vaporization- Liquid to Gas
Vaporization is the changing of a liquid to a gas when the substance absorbs heat energy.
Vaporization occurring at the surface of a liquid is called evaporation.

15. Evaporation- a Cooling Process
As water in the perspiration evaporates from your skin it absorbs and carries away heat energy from your body.

16. Boiling
If enough heat energy is applied to a substance particles inside the liquid can change to gas.
These particles travel to the surface of the liquid and then into the air. This process is called boiling.

17. Phase Change Graph

18. Boiling Point Boiling Point – temperature at which a substance boils.
Water ° C.
Table salt ° C.
Diamond ° C.
What is the difference between evaporation and boiling?

19. Water Phase Change Graph

20. Condensation- Gas to Liquid
Gases can change phase, also in a gas to liquid phase change.
A substance in the gas phase that loses heat will change to a liquid. This is called condensation.

21. Condensation
Water vapor in surrounding air loses heat energy when it comes in contact with the cold glass. Water vapor condenses and becomes liquid drops of water.

22. Phase Change Graph

23. Sublimation – Solid to Gas
Solid to gas phase change occurs when the surface particles of a solid change directly into a gas.

24. Sublimation – Solid to Gas
You may notice this in the cold winter with snow. The snow does not melt, but slowly disappears.
Dry ice goes directly from solid carbon dioxide to gas.

25. Energy in Phase Change

26. Phase Change
Phase Change Diagram in Water

27. Temperature Comparisons
Boiling Point of H2O
212 F
100 C
Melting Point of H2O
32 F
0 C
Freezing Point of H2O

28. Add the correct terms to the diagram…

29. Phase Change Graph

30. Exit Activity