1. MANAGEMENT – ROLES & RESPONSIBILITIES

2. Learning Objectives List the key duties of managers
Describe the main perspective on leadership
State the strength and weakness of leadership
Identify the primary approaches to managerial development and education

3. The Manager’s Role
Manager role is plans,organizes,direct and controls on proprietors or undertaking establishment of organizations
The three main hierarchical levels :
Top management
Middle management
First level or supervisory management

4. Managers jobs can be described in 3 important roles :
Interpersonal roles
The 3 key function :
a. figurehead
b. liaison
c. leader
Informational roles
The 3 function :
a. monitor
b. disseminator
c. spokesperson

5. 3. Decision making roles
The 4 functions :
a. entrepreneur
b. disturbance-handler
c. resource allocator
d. negotiator

6. Management and Leadership
The personal characteristics approach to leadership
Fleishman (1969) identify 2 classes behavior as effective leadership:
Consideration
Initiating structure
Gastil (1994), there are 3 elements of democratic leadership :
Maximising participation & involvement of group members
Empowerment
Facilitating group decision making

7. In 1960s, leadership characteristics is universal theories & the most known is Blake & Moutons (1969) for Managerial Grid.
The grid has 4 different styles of management:
Team management
Country club management
Task management
Impoverished management

8. The leader-follower situation approach
Ker (1974) applied framework that have 3 situational contingencies / variables:
Subordinate considerations
Superior consideration
Task consideration
Fiedler identified 3 aspect of a work situation, determined the effectiveness leadership ;
The leader-follower relationship
Task structure
The leader’s formal position and power

9. The contextual approach to leadership
Features : James Burns (1978)
Book : Leadership
He produced 2 basic organization states/contexts:
Convergent – style management is transactional
Divergent – style management is transformational

10. Managerial Learning and Adaptation
There are 4 factors can be discerned in enabling managers successfully to align organizations, context & style leadership:
Managers past experience
The managers learning style
Do they perceive the whole picture?
Is the organizational context amenable ?

11. Summary The quality and role of manager was matter for organizations
Managers have to rely far less on their personality than on their business knowledge
The role manager is to ensure all available options and choices are identified