1. Zones of Exchange
As cultures expanded there were peaceful and violent interactions. There was also the exchange of people, goods and ideas (C.D.)

2. According to the document, how did rulers lose power?
According to the document how did rulers show they had gained power?

3. All citizens in ancient athens had the right to attend the assembly, where they could meet in the open to discuss and cast votes. This situation is an example of a 1) direct democracy 2) Totalitarianism 3) parliamentary democracy 4) absolutism

4. A major contribution of the Roman Empire to western society was the development of 1) gunpowder 2) the principles of feudalism 3) monotheism 4) an effective legal system

5. Pre Test
Please take 6-7 minutes to complete the Pre-test. We will correct them and discuss any questions you have.
Answers: 2 1 3 4

6. Gupta empire
Time of peace and prosperity for India- led to accomplishments in Math, Science and arts
Hinduism- strict caste system enforced
Organized into semi-independent villages- if they pay taxes the government left them alone
Math
Medicine
Architecture
Zero
Decimal system
Arabic numerals
Smallpox vaccination
Set bones
Plastic surgery
Stupas- dome shaped shrines for holy people

7. Tang and Song Dynasties
Tang Empire included Vietnam, Korea and Tibet= Tributary States- pay tribute to powerful China
The Song dynasty came to power in 960 and prospered
Society based on Confucianism- stressed social order based on duty, rank and proper behavior. Government officials had to pass rigorous exams (PYRAMID NEXT PAGE)
Economic
Canals
Literature
Land was redistributed to peasants
Encouraged trade and transportation. The Grand Canal moved food
Calligraphy
Pagoda
Porcelain

8. Tang and Song Dynasties
Fixed social structure added stability.
**The Tang and Song Dynasties spread ideas to Japan. Over time Japan would blend Chinese ideas with their own for a unique culture

9. Byzantine
Eastern part of Rome founded by Constantinople (later named a trading city after him)
Peaked under Justinian- autocratic ruler
The city of Constantinople was on the trade routes connecting Europe and Asia
Fell to the Ottomans
Law
Architecture
Orthodox
Justinian’s Code
Hagia Sophia- blend of Greek, Roman, Persian and Middle East styles
Preserved Greco-Roman culture
Did not believe Roman pope had power over them
Priests can marry
Greek not Latin
Schism in 1054

10. Islamic Civilization
Islam arose on Arabian peninsula and spread under the Caliphate (elected successors to Muhammad)
Muslims armies spread Islam through North Africa, Spain, Middle East and India

11. Islamic Civilization Sharia- Islamic law based on Qur’an
Sunni- Caliph elected by Muslim leaders
Shiite- Caliph not authority, Muhammad's descendents are
Society- social mobility, conquered people treated well, slavery, women restricted
Empires: Abbassid in Baghdad- led to Golden Age
Art
Medicine
Math/science
Byzantine domes
Nonreligious art
Doctors must pass tests
Set up hospitals
Measured Earth’s orbit and circumference
Algebra

12. Medieval Europe ( )
Resources: fertile soil, forests, seas and rivers
The Franks- led by Clovis they forced the Muslims out of France
Charlemagne- empire across France, Germany and parts of Italy. Helped the Church who then named him Holy Roman Emperor. Gave away tracts of land to loyal friends- founding of feudalism
Treaty of Verdun- after Charlemagne death, his empire crumbled between heirs. The treaty divided the empire into 3 sections.

13. Medieval Society
Feudalism- decentralized gov’t where lords own land, and exchange land (fiefs) for military service and protection (king- lords-vassals- knights- serfs)
Knights- practice chivalry (brave, loyal and truthful)
Manoralism- economic system around a lords estate
The Church- stabilizing force of Europe- all sin but salvation through faith, good deeds, sacraments
Monasteries- centers of learning, reform and charity
Gothic Church- pointed arches, flying buttresses and stained glass windows

14. Crusades
The byzantine Empire was overrun by the Turks- they asked for help from the Pope who got help from Europe’s Christians
There were 4 Crusades altogether, and the Christians only victory was in the 1st
Effects -trade increased
-Feudalism strengthened -Religious animosity (hate each other)
-cultural diffusion
Causes -free the holy land
-get rich and gain new land
-see new place
-sins forgiven