1. Computers Inside and Out
Answers

2. Your instructions were to define, describe and identify the computer vocabulary from the text provided, “Computers Inside and Out.”
And some vocabulary, you just had to figure out on your own….

3. Input Input is information that goes IN to a computer.
What are some things you can input into a computer?
Give some examples of input devices…

4. Output Output is information that comes OUT of a computer
Name some examples of output devices…

5. Storage Storage is where data is kept.
Name some examples of storage devices…

6. Processing
Computer Processing is the execution of computer instructions. When a computer processes a software program, it performs the commands written in the programming code.
In a computer, where does the processing take place?
CPU (Central Processing Unit)

7. Software
Computer software is any set of machine-readable instructions that tells a computer's what to do. Computer programs are software.
The term is used to contrast with the computer hardware that carries out the instructions.
Hardware and software require each other and neither has any value without the other.

8. Hardware Hardware refers to the physical parts of a computer system.
Some basic computer hardware includes the motherboard, CPU, RAM, hard drive, and BIOS chip.

9. Programming
Programming is the act of creating the set of instructions (program) that tell a computer what to do.
Name some examples of a computer program…

10. Random Access Memory
RAM (Random Access Memory) stores data and programs on a temporary basis. When you turn off the computer, the data in RAM disappears.
The amount of RAM you have affects how fast your computer can process information.

11. Hard Drive
The hard drive is what stores all your data on a permanent basis. When you turn off your computer, data on your hard drive is unaffected.
A typical hard drive is only slightly larger than your hand, yet can hold over 100 GB of data.

12. Read Only Memory
Read Only Memory holds data that is permanent and cannot be changed.
ROM is used to hold the instructions that the computer needs to boot up, before the system software loads.
What is an example of a ROM chip?
BIOS (Basic Input/Output System).

13. Data
Computer data is any information processed or stored by a computer.

14. Media
Media refers to anything that holds information (data). A book is media. A Blu-Ray disc is media.
Can you give some examples of computer media?
… Hard drives, removable drives (such as Zip disks), CD-ROM or CD-R discs, DVDs, flash memory, USB drives.

15. Microprocessor
A microprocessor is a small chip inside a computer or other electronic device, that receives input, processes it, and produces output.
What is the main processor (the “brain”) of a computer called?
CPU (Central Processing Unit)

16. Binary
Binary (or "base-2") is a numeric system that only uses two digits — 0 and 1.

17. Bit
A bit (short for "binary digit") is the smallest unit of measurement inside a computer. It contains a single value of 0 or 1.
Bits are often grouped together in 8-bit clusters called bytes.

18. Pixel
The term pixel is actually short for "Picture Element." These small little dots are what make up the images on computer displays,
A computer screen’s resolution is measured in pixels.

19. …..

20. History of Computers
Answer review

21. What are considered to be the true ancestors to today’s computer?
Some of the ancestors or today’s computers include:
The abacus
Mechanical calculators
The Analytical Engine

22. Who invented the Analytical Engine?
Charles Babbage

23. Who programmed the Analytical Engine?
Ada Byron King (the Countess of Lovelace) programmed the Analytical Engine. She is considered the mother of computer programming.

24. What is hardware?
Hardware refers to the physical parts of a computer system.
Some basic computer hardware includes the motherboard, CPU, RAM, hard drive, and BIOS chip.

25. What is software?
Computer software is any set of machine-readable instructions that tells a computer's what to do. Computer programs are software.
The term is used to contrast with the computer hardware that carries out the instructions.
Hardware and software require each other and neither has any value without the other.

26. What is a microprocessor (CPU)?
The microprocessor is the “brain” of the computer. The Central Processing Unit (CPU) controls what a computer does.

27. What is an input device? List an example.
Any device that lets you put data IN to a computer.
Examples include:
Keyboard
Mouse
Digital Camera
Thumb drive CD

28. What does ROM stand for? Read Only Memory
This is information that cannot be changed.

29. What does RAM stand for? Random Access Memory
The computer uses RAM for temporary storage of information.

30. What do you call the place where you store information that will be used again and again?
. Long-term storage

31. What devices are used for long term storage?
ROM (Read Only Memory)
Hard drive
Thumb drive
CDs/DVDs

32. What is output? Give example of output devices.
Output is any data that comes OUT of a computer
Examples include:
Printer
Monitor
Sound from the computer speakers
MP3 file

33. What is binary code?
Binary (or "base-2“) code is a numeric system that only uses two digits — 0 and 1.

34. What are the 2 numbers in that computer code, and what do they represent?
The numbers Zero and One
Zero represents “off” and One represents “on”

35. What is a bit?
A bit (short for "binary digit") is the smallest unit of measurement inside a computer. It contains a single value of 0 or 1.
Bits are often grouped together in 8-bit clusters called bytes.

36. What is a pixel?
The term pixel is actually short for "Picture Element." These small little dots are what make up the images on computer displays,
A computer screen’s resolution is measured in pixels.

37. What are the four memory terms discussed in the article?
Kilobyte
Megabyte
Gigabyte
Terabyte