1. Chapter 1 – Lesson 1-2 Understanding Computers

2. L1-1 Exploring Computer Systems
Explain how input devices are suited to certain kinds of data
Distinguish between RAM and ROM
Identify and appropriate output device for different types of data
Contrast different storage devices

3. Computer System
Several devices that perform the 4 basic functions of computing
Input
Processing
Output
Storage

4. Input Devices – entering data, such as text, images, or sounds.
Keyboard
Mouse
Trackball
Touchpad
Joystick
Digital Cameras
Scanners
Microphones

5. Input Devices

6. Processing Devices
Located inside the computer and it travels from one device to another through computers motherboard.

7. Processing Devices
CPU – main processing device (central processing unit)
Carry fewer than 1,000 instructions
Perform millions of these operations every second

8. Processing Devices
RAM – primary storage, temporary storage of instructions and data using chips called random access memory
ROM – Read-only memory – chips that contain instructions that start the computer. These instructions do not change

9. Output Devices Devices that display the results of the processing
Computer screen
Printer
Speakers or headphones

10. Storage Devices Magnetic Media : Floppy-disk, USB, Zips, REV drives
USB: universal serial bus

11. Storage Devices
Flash Media : use non-magnetic storage medium called flash memory
Used in digital cameras, handheld computers, and flash drives

12. Storage Devices Optical Media: CD – ROM, and DVD
CD-R, CD-RW, or DVD/CD-RW used to record data onto blank disk
CD-ROM, and DVD drives can only read data stored
CD can store 650 megabytes or 74 mins of audio
700 megabytes or 80 mins

13. L1-2Making Computers Work
Explain the Binary System
Describe how software is written and translated
Summarize the tasks of operating systems
Identify two leading operating systems and explain why compatibility is an issue.

14. Digital Computing Binary system: recognize two possible values
Bits (pieces) values
8 bits together make a byte
A byte has 256 possible values from to

15. Digital Computing Letter Code Number A 01000001 1 00110001 B 010000102 C 3 D ? 4

16. Digital Computing Letter Code Number A 01000001 1 00110001 B 010000102 C 3 D 4

17. Software Provides Directions
Step by Step Instructions (Software Language)
1. Get the number stored in a particular location in RAM
2. Get another number from another particular location
3. Add the two numbers
4. Copy the answer to another particular location in RAM

18. Software Provides Directions
Programmers write program’s source code.
Compilers translate the source code into binary form, using only 0’s and 1’s
The result is the object code.

19. Operating Systems
Software that tells the computer how to do its work is the --- OPERATING SYSTEM
Two most popular operating systems are
Microsoft Windows
Macintosh OS (Apple Computers)

21. Types of Computers for Companies
Supercomputers
mainframe

22. Types of Computers for Companies
Minicomputers
server

23. Types of Computers for Individuals
workstations
Desktop

24. Types of Computers for Individuals
Portable computer
Handheld computer

25. Test Your Knowledge 2. This is an example of input or output devices
1. This picture is an example of Input or output devices
2. This is an example of input or output devices

26. Test Your Knowledge
3. The 4 basic functions of computing include all the following except?
A. processing
B. input
C. storage
D. commanding
4. A camera can be an example of an input device.
TRUE
FALSE

27. Test Your Knowledge
5. Which of the following device houses all the chips and circuits a computer needs in order to function?
A. Table
B. Motherboard
C. Printer
D. Storage
6. Which is also called primary storage?
A. ROM
B. RAM
C. CPU
D. DVD

28. Test Your Knowledge
7. Which of the following is an example of a secondary storage?
A. CD
B. ROM
C. USB
D. Both A & C
8. Which is known as the language of computers?
A. Byte
B. RAM
C. ROM
D. Binary Code

29. Test Your Knowledge 9. How many bits are needed to form a byte?
C. 8
D. 9
10. Which is an example of a binary number? A
B. -342 C D

30. Test Your Knowledge 11. The binary code for the letter A is?
12. ______ write the software and special language for computers.
A. architects
B. technicians
C. programmers
D. electricians

31. Test Your Knowledge
13. What would you most likely use a microphone to input?
A. commands
B. images
C. sound
D. text
14. What are the two most popular operating systems?
A. Word & Excel
B. Microsoft Windows & Macintosh OS
C. Macintosh OS & Apple
D. Powerpoint and MS

32. 100%