1. MAINSTREAMING MORR: Bringing risk on the road into mainstream H&S Presented by: Roger Bibbings Occupational Safety Adviser THE ROYAL SOCIETY FOR THE PREVENTION OF ACCIDENTS

2. RoSPA’s mission “RoSPA’s mission is to enhance the quality of life by exercising a powerful influence for accident prevention” ‘Key issues’ to date:  managing occupational road risk (MORR)  accident investigation (Acc Inv)  director action on safety and health (DASH)

3. Road casualties G.B. KILLEDSERIOUSLY INJURED 1981/85 average 5,598 74,534 1994/98 average 3,578 44,078 2003 3,508 33,707 Percentage reduction 37 55 (approx 40 per cent increase in traffic volume)

4. Occupational road accidents: key points  800 – 1000 deaths per annum (‘at work’ drivers/passengers/ pedestrians, other road users) compared with 450 RIDDOR  UK’s biggest occupational safety issue  Excluded from mainstream H&S management/enforcement  Action needed on company cars and vans  Prevention focused on management not just drivers!  MORR can contribute to national RS targets (40% reduction KSI by 2010)

5. Who is at risk? nCommercial vehicle drivers nSales staff nService engineers nDelivery workers nSocial workers nEmergency services nLocal authority staff nBus and coach drivers & passengers nVoluntary workers nMotorcycle couriers nPizza delivery riders nPolice nParamedics nGovernment officials nTeachers nVehicle recovery staff nHealth workers nAt-work pedestrians nAnyone on the road as part of their job!!!!

6. MORR initiatives  1996/7: RoSPA seminars (Esso/EEF)  1998: RoSPA Guidance/ Stoke Court ‘Declaration’  1999: input to ‘Tomorrow’s Roads’  2000/2001: WRRSTG (Dykes report) (www.hse.gov.uk/road/content/traffic1.pdf)  2002: ORSA  2003: New HSE/DfT guidance/RoSPA guidance 2 nd edition  2004: New ORSA website/work programme

7. Causes of road crashes? IMMEDIATE: ninappropriate speed ninattention nfalling asleep ntravelling too close ndrink/drugs nadverse weather nvehicle defects nhighway conditions UNDERLYING: npressure/attitudes ndistractions/fatigue ninadequate sleep ncongestion nstress npoor journey planning npoor maintenance npoor routeing

8. Employer impact on crash risk Exacerbate nToo far nToo fast (incentives to speed etc) nUnsafe routes nUnsafe conditions nUnsafe vehicles nStressed, tired, untrained drivers nMobiles nPoor H&S culture Ameliorate nReducing exposure nClear policy on speed nJourney planning nSafer vehicles nDriver assessment and training nAction to combat fatigue n‘No mobile while mobile’ nClear MORR policies nLeadership by example

9. The case for action nEthics, CSR etc nLegal compliance nThe ‘business case’

10. Company values.. n‘ Nothing we do is so important that it justifies injuring our employees or members of the public’ Major Utility CEO

11. The legal context Two sets of law..... nHSW Act (‘safe system of work’, MHSW Regs (risk assessment, management system) (enforced by HSE/LAs but not on road) plus nRoad Traffic Acts, Highway Code, C&U Regs etc (enforced by police, concerned mainly with driver behaviour)

12. New HSE/DfT guidance ‘Driving at Work’ - Sept ‘03 (Accessible at http://www.hse.gov.uk/pubns/indg382.pdf) Explains how H&S law applies on the road Suggests approaches to risk assessment Suggests control measures/performance review Signposts further information Highlights the ‘business case’

13. From HSE caveat … “…. HSC’s enforcement policy statement recognises the need to prioritise investigation and enforcement action. Current priorities, as set out in HSC’s strategic plan, do not include work-related road safety ….”

14. Threats to the business nAccident costs nLost business nLost staff time nHigher fleet premia nLoss of morale nThreat to corporate reputation nNotices and/or prosecutions nCommon law claims nCorporate manslaughter?

15. What are businesses doing? nMOST NOTHING AT ALL !!!! but some…. ndriver handbooks n‘how’s my driving?’ nlicence checks nnegative penalties/positive incentives ncrash data analysis ndriver assessment nDRIVER TRAINING…

16. Yes, OK BUT…. managing occupational road risk is not driver training….

17. Managing occupational road risk means… developing a risk management approach, i.e. putting in place the policies, people, procedures to ‘work the problem’ !!

18. Using the HSG65 framework A1. define policy objectives U 2. organise and train D 3. plan and implement I 4. measure performance T 5. review and feedback

19. Using risk assessment… To help managers and/or drivers understand:- n1. ‘How, when, who, how bad etc?’ n2. Whether existing controls adequate or more needed? n3. Which risks to tackle first?

20. Generic risk assessment Review risk enhancing features of: njourney tasks nvehicles ndrivers

21. Some key risk factors nJourney task ( speed? fatigue? routeing? weather, night/day?) nVehicle ( fit for purpose? properly maintained? Additional features?) nDriver ( age, experience? fitness/eyesight/stress? crashes/points? attitudes/competence?)

22. Preferred approaches to risk control 1. eliminate 2. reduce 3. isolate 4. control 5. adapt nmeeting without moving nchange/mix mode nreduce journeys/mileage nreduce hours/distances noptimise schedules nplan ‘safer’ routes navoid adverse conditions nspecify ‘safer’ vehicles nensure maintenance nassess driver fitness nreduce distractions nalcohol/drugs policies nassess driver competence nprioritised driver training

23. Supported by… nTraining for line-managers nInformation, guidance and supervision nPerformance targets/timescales nEmergency procedures/personal safety nMonitoring (from licence/vehicle checks to ‘black boxes’ to ‘how’s my driving?’) nCrash/near-hit reporting/investigation nAwards/incentives etc.

24. In-house policies needed for… nSpeed (all staff to comply with limits) nCombating fatigue (preparation for driving, mileage limits, caff/napping etc) nNight/adverse weather driving (avoidance) nVehicle specs/maintenance (fit for person/purpose etc) nDriver fitness (stress, ill health, eye sight..) nDrugs/alcohol (including non- prescription medicines) nMobile phones etc etc (‘no mobile when mobile!’) nDriver competence (higher grades for higher risk drivers?)

25. Data, data, data… Fleet profile nVehicles (by type) nDrivers (status, age, gender, experience, enforcement, training etc) nJourneys/miles nAccidents/incidents nSeverities nCauses nCosts (insured/uninsured) Accidents/incidents nReference nClaim? (claim no) nIncident date/time nVehicle type/reg no nDriver (name/gender/age) nLocation nCollision type nBlameworthy? nCosts

26. Three key steps 1) Where are we now? Vehicles, drivers, miles, crashes, causes, costs? Management system (policy, organisation, planning, monitoring, review)? 2) Set up a joint team (H&S, HR, Fleet, SRs etc) 3) Develop an ‘action plan’ to: develop ‘management system’, assess risks, prioritise interventions set standards, targets, timescales etc implement monitor, review and feed back lessons learned

27. Team working and partnership nProfessionals nDrivers and safety reps nInsurers/brokers (e.g. crash data feedback) nVehicle providers etc nLocal road safety organisations nSector peers nMORR service providers…

28. RoSPA and MORR: where next?: Lobbying HSC/DfT to establish Dykes MkII ORSA, membership, research group etc European liaison/international comparisons Focusing on ‘best practice’ via ORSA Lobbying to make MORR a higher priority ‘Meeting without moving’ More MORR seminars/public speaking etc Progress review?

29. Government must … Accept WRRS is a major issue Increase HSE resources for WRRS Facilitate performance benchmarking Link WRRS and site transport safety agendas Enforce where necessary Respond to worker/public complaints Ensure liaison in crash investigations Take high profile prosecutions Lead the WRRS research agenda Take a lead as exemplar employer

30. Some useful websites www.rospa.com (go ‘occupational safety’) www.orsa.org.uk www.morr.org.uk www.hse.gov.uk/roadsafety www.airso.org.uk www.roadsafe.com www.pacts.org.uk www.brake.org.uk www.larsoa.org www.rospa.com/drivertraining

31. Challenge everyone to …