1. Delivering as One (DaO) Papua New Guinea

2. Index Background PNG Development Impact DaO DaO structure
DaO and the Paris Declaration
Lessons Learned DaO
Challenges and Opportunites DaO

3. 1. Background PNG

4. Papua New Guinea at a glance
6 million people; in a country almost twice the size of UK, 85% live on subsistence farming, average life expectancy is 54 years, adult literacy rate 56.4%, maternal mortality ratio 733/ and the under five mortality rate 88/1000
Tribal society; more than 800 languages (Wantok - and big men - system)
Independence 1975; Government completed a full 5-year term for the first time in 2007 since Independence
Resource-rich country; including oil, copper and gold, large areas are difficult to access (>500 airports)
MDG indicators included – new figures for HIV/AIDS (call Tim).
Resource cursed country: Many countries endowed with substantial natural wealth, especially mineral resources, appear to reap few gains from it. Instead of economic development supported by exploitation of natural resources, these countries experience continued underdevelopment, corruption, political instability, and/or even civil war. This paradox has been termed the “resource curse.”

5. Value UN Country Programme- 165M USD
UN System in PNG
Resident
Non-Resident
with staff in-country
UNDP
OHCHR
FAO
UNICEF
UNIFEM
UNCDF
UNFPA
UNV
IFAD
WHO
UN HABITAT
UN ESCAP
UNAIDS
OCHA
UNHCR
ILO
UNESCO
UN staff in country: 148
Value UN Country Programme- 165M USD

6. 2. Development Impact of DaO
9 ways DaO reinforces development results

7. Development impact DaO 1/3
WHAT?
HOW?
Reduction duplication and fragmentation UN Programmes:
Enhanced human and financial resource utilisation
Enhanced geographical spread
Enhanced alignment between programmes
Enhanced efficiency- doing more with the same
Enhanced effectiveness - doing better with the same
One strategy supported by One Fund
Single Quarterly and Annual development reports for GoPNG and DP’s
Enhanced Transparency when delivering results

8. Development impact DaO 2/3
Reduced internal and external transaction costs
Enhanced support to Aid Effectiveness and Paris Declaration process
Enhanced Relevance UN System
WHAT?
HOW?
Enhanced alignment and linkages UN strategy to national dev. priorities
More coherent engagement with DPs & GoPNG
Enhanced positioning UN leading /contributing to key thematic areas
Better leverage UN comparative advantage
Coherent approach towards partners and GoPNG
One contribution to One Fund
One report rather than multiple agency based reports

9. Development Impact DaO 3/3
Reduced UN Operating Cost
Strengthened UN leadership
Strengthened Results Focus
UN bargaining power- joint procurement
Shared effort:
- Joint Resource Mobilization
- Joint M&E and Reporting
Enhanced strategic leadership under single country strategy
Enhanced clarity role RC & UNCT
Enhanced thematic leadership under Task teams
Results based planning, budgeting and reporting
WHAT?
HOW?

10. Integrated Programme and Operations Strategy
3. Structure of DaO
Integrated Programme and Operations Strategy

11. Delivery as One in PNG Slide Theme: What is Delivery as One in PNG?
5 ones, similar to vision 2006 but greater structure, each One has a results framework and measurable indicators. Gov also about to sign a support strategy document

12. UN Country Programme (One Programme)
95% of UN Programmes covered (except for humanitarian and emergency related interventions)
Inter-agency mechanisms for:
Strategic planning (GoPNG/UN PSC, PCC/OMT, TT, 5 yr strat. plans)
Implementation planning (Joint AWP)
Joint resource mobilization (supplementing agency RM)
M&E and Reporting (Single development report)
Agencies mechanism for:
Technical expertise
Implementation (Technical assistance, networking)
Resource Mobilization (supplementing JRM)
Advocacy/networking
Agency reporting under Joint AWP
Slide Theme: what is the One Programme?
A partnership for nation building

13. One Programme in PNG: UN Country Programme
Individual agency parts of joint work plans
Many agencies delivering
UN Country Team
Chair: RC
Governance and Crisis Management
Programme Coordination Committee (PCC)
Chair: UNICEF
Foundations for Human Development
Sustainable livelihoods and population
HiV/AIDS
Gender
6 Task Teams
Joint AWPs per task team
3 Task Teams
2 Task Teams
1 Task Teams
Single development report
Joint M&E
Unified UN leadership
Single teams delivering outcomes
Single Annual Work Plans per outcome
5 yr Strategic Plan per theme area
Integrated M&E mechanism
Single report
Slide Theme: What are the advantages Delivery as One in PNG
Click enter to have your talking bubbles pop up, 1 by 1:
Central message- One of the key differences of the delivery as one model is the integrated strategic planning , while using the diverse capacity basis of the agencies to deliver on the planning.

14. UN Budgetary Framework
3 elements:
UN Country Fund
Joint Resource Mobilization Strategy
Financial management information (gap, expenditures) at outcome, output and annual deliverable level
One Fund in support of One Strategy: towards a single UN financing for development mechanism
Manages non core (non regular), bilateral resources
Bilateral donors channel majority of resources through UNBF
-> Channels between 60-80% of in country UN development resources
Performance based planning, budgeting and reporting

15. UN Country Fund

16. Joint Resource Mobilization

17. Resource allocation criteria
Allocation criteria based on three core principles:
Eligibility: minimum requirements (links nat. priorities, links UN strategy, quality results & M&E framework, Task Team capacity
Performance: prioritizes activities that demonstrated good progress: min. absorption rates, min. # deliverables realized
Priority: prioritizes activities supporting core UN development priorities (HR, Gender, Capacity Development, MDG’s, Environment,…)
Detailed allocation process and allocation criteria are under development

18. Allocation 19 criteria grouped into 3 categories:
Allocations to Task teams, not agencies
UNCT holds ability to withdraw and re-allocate funding based on performance of the Task Team
Allocations and criteria used to enhance UN strategic planning (RBM), M&E and reporting

19. UN Operations Key message:
One UN Operations strategy is focused on three things:
Enhancing the quality of the existing common services (quality assessment by clients/agencies->feeds plan of action)
Expanding Common Services
Exploring the opportunities for a UN Service center which integrates the back-office support for Excom agencies- HR, ICT, Finance and Procurement

20. UN Communication and advocacy
UN Communication Committee: pooling communication expertise in support of UN Country Programme
UN branding policy reinforces UN positioning and complements agency communication
Strategy based on three pillars:
Internal communication (programme delivery, DaO and communicating change)
External communication: UN branding, advocacy on pre selected areas
Advisory support by UN Communication Team to Task Teams

21. UN House Key enabler for UN Operations and Common Services
Existing UN House
Need to expand-No available space
Agencies moving out
Significant imbalances in real estate market and security situation raise challenges
Government land to be allocated for development new UN House

22. 4. Delivery as One and the Paris Declaration

23. National ownership of DaO
GoPNG drafted UN Reform and Aid Effectiveness paper guiding AE agenda in country
Plan to adjust the DaO approach to focus the AE agenda in PNG
GoPNG involved in each step of the process from UN strategic planning to resource allocation to monitoring, evaluation and reporting (PSC, AWP SC)

24. Delivery as One, Aid Effectiveness and the Paris Declaration
National Ownership
One Programme explicitly derives from national development priorities and identify UN role in support of national development results
Alignment with national priorities
One Programme Annual Work Plans are aligned with national planning cycle
One Fund provides an organized, predictable and flexible source of support to national needs as defined in the national development strategy
One Fund expenditures reflected in national budget
Management for Results
One Programme and UN Budgetary framework based on results based planning, monitoring, evaluation, reporting and resource allocation principles

25. Delivery as One, Aid Effectiveness and the Paris Declaration
Mutual Accountability
GoPNG co-chairs Steering Committee that decides on UN programme priorities (One Programme)and monitors implementation
GoPNG co-chairs Steering Committee that decides on allocations of UN resources (One Fund)
The joint Steering Committee mechanisms ensures GoPNG and the UN are jointly responsible for resources and results in the context of the UN support to national development priorities
Harmonization
One Programme and One Fund provide an integrated UN platform to engage with government and partners ensuring programme alignment and complementarily between UN System and the GoPNG and other partners
Harmonization of programme methodology and Financial Management (Budgetary Framework, HACT)
A single UN development report reflecting results of the One Programme and expenditures of the One Fund

26. 5. Lessons Learned and Challenges DaO

27. Lessons learned UN Country Strategy
Effective tool to enhance planning, monitoring and mobilizing resources for UN activities
Significantly enhances programme and operational coherence of the UN
Consolidation of UN strategies- enhanced transparency, coordination & reduced transaction cost strongly supported by government and DPs
Integrated strategy enhances the ability of agencies to claim leading roles in the Aid Effectiveness/ Aid Coordination field (critical mass UN)
Integrated strategy enhances UNs support role to government (critical mass UN) & Paris Declaration
Communication is key to realize the change-without partners and staff, DaO fails

28. Challenges UN Country Strategy
Internal and external capacity; (cadet programme, training / work sessions e.g. on RBM, capacity assessment etc)
ERP systems (e.g. Atlas, PROMS) to support our work with common terminology and systems)
Communication; to external audience (what is the UN?) and internally (why the reform?)
Resources; in support of the activities and change management efforts

29. Lessons learned UN Country Programme
Integrated delivery mechanisms:
have reinforced UNs capacity to claim leadership in thematic development areas
have reinforced development impact- enhanced geographical spread, better division of labour, coordinated resource utilization
increased cross fertilization and knowledge sharing within a single thematic area
Start DaO process with the One Programme component- Programme drives the rest
Impact One Programme significantly reduced if not accompanied by integrated delivery mechanisms (joint teams, joint AWPs, joint M&E etc)

30. Challenges & Opportunities UN Country Programme
Linking UN programme and operational planning activities remains challenging
Transition from agency based planning to UN System planning is challenging: needs active (change) management and communication
Double reporting remains a large factor regarding increased workload
Opportunities to link UN structures to broader, national Aid Effectiveness initiatives
Opportunities for decentralizing DaO strategy to the provincial and local level

31. Lessons learned UN Budgetary Framework
UNBF realized significant reduction of transaction costs for DP’s and Government
Performance based allocation mechanism strong tool to enhance quality of planning and reporting
Excellent platform to develop Single Development Report and quality management information
Needs to follow the One Programme: Programme drives the rest
Expensive mechanism if only small amount channelled through UNBF
Clear process and criteria essential to avoid friction down the line

32. Challenges UN Budgetary Framework
Earmarked funds vs non earmarked funds
Use of criteria depends on strength of M&E framework
Mobilising un-earmarked funds remains challenging
Mobilising resources for Strategic Support pillar (UN Operations, change management etc) remains challenging

33. Lessons learned UN Operations
UN Haus is a key catalyst to driving UN Operations
Joint Procurement key driver for operational cost reductions
Many low cost- high impact interventions available

34. Challenges UN Operations
Difficult to move forward- specialized knowledge required
Capacity at country level limits progress
Ability for country innovation limited due to high dependence on corporate rules and regulation
Limited resources for Operational Reform

35. Lessons Learned UN Communication and advocacy
Pooling communication resources opens option for more strategic role for UN communications (programme support)
Reinforces quality and reach of common UN advocacy (MDG’s, HR, Gender)
Powerful tool for UN branding and positioning
Relatively limited dedicated communication capacity in UN

36. Challenges & Opportunities UN Communication and Advocacy
Lack of UN identity of staff remains a challenge for strategic planning and implementation
Lack of resources (staff and financial) for joint communication remains a problem
Opportunity for significant economies of scale in UN advocacy

37. Lessons learned UN Haus
High profile tool for UN Coherence
Key driver for further operations and transaction cost reduction (UN Operations, Common Services)
Good potential for innovation through physical clustering/ functional clustering supporting the One Programme task teasms

38. Challenges UN Haus
Lack of guidance if construction is required (limited real estate market, security issues)
Obtaining land deeds from government is a (very) lengthy process
Limited sources to finance one off investment costs, proposal development, refurbishing
Issues if landlord requires lease term >2 years due to budgeting cycles agencies

39. 7. Role of the RC Office in DaO

40. Role RC Office
RC Office positioned as advisory & coordination body to UNCT
Each RCO Officers’ support tied to one or more DaO pillars
ToRs tied in with DaO pillar deliverables
Change Management role in each of the pillars
Quality Assurance and Knowledge Transfer
Neutrality and firewall are key to RCO work

41. More detail on each of the Ones
Appendix
More detail on each of the Ones

42. Results Based Management
UN developed a common approach to results based management (concepts and methodologies agreed upon, using UNDG’s approved harmonized terminology)
The approach is used for:
(a) development results (16 in the UNCP)
(b) the delivering as one results ( 5 as per the Ones)
As requested by GoPNG, an inter-agency RBM Committee supports GoPNG in coming up with a comprehensive approach to GoPNG’s own strategic planning and results based management (as part of the larger Aid Effectiveness agenda)
Each year, the UN reports jointly on the development results as well as the ‘delivering as one’ results

43. Lessons Learned RBM
The UN coming together behind a clear focus ensures knowledge sharing, learning and greater leverage at the policy level
A common RBM approach has strengthened and simplified partnership with GoPNG (one strategic programme, joint AWPs, UN rather than agency-specific focal points and AWP steering committees)
The structure of the management arrangements (e.g. task teams, steering committees) reinforces results focus
DaO facilitated greater transparency on UN’s financial management
Joint results based reporting helps publicize and make visible UN’s work in PNG and abroad

44. Change Management
External stakeholder analysis: how do GoPNG and donors see the UN? What do they expect from the UN?
Internal stakeholder analysis: how does staff see the UN? What does staff expect from the UN? ?
Capacity Assessment: What capacity does the UN need to deliver against its results frameworks & To meet the expectations of stakeholders?
HR Transition Strategy: How will the UN reposition its skill mix in support of the capacity assessment results?
The key message here that without re-profiling, much of the Reform is at the strategic planning and process level. If the UN does not change its capacity profile to enhance the linkage to GoPNG needs, donor perceptions and its own strategic framework little will change at the delivery level of development.
Explanation of slide: he UN needs to invest in taking stock of how our partners (donors and government) perceive us, what do they expect from us? Given these perceptions and all the brilliant results we have designed in our results frameworks, what kind of capacity and skills would we need to meet these demands and expectations? What kind of capacity and skills do we have? How do we bridge the gap?

45. DaO is Change Change management has three pillars:
Institutional change
Change of institutional set-up (platforms, entities and teams) for planning, implementing, suppoprting, financing, M&E and reporting structures and roles
Process change
Change of processes supporting programme delivery (programmes and operational processes) UN Operations: strategic planning processes, financing, M&E, HR, Procurement etc.
Human Capacity/Skills change
Capacity assessment against DaO strategy-all 5 pillars
“To what degree does the UN posses the capacity to deliver against the result frameworks (both development results and DaO results) of the Joint UN Country strategy

46. Examples of allocation criteria
Eligibility:
Linkages to Nat. Dev. Strat. & MDGs
Existence of 5 yr start. plan at outcome level
Extent of gov/nat ownership
Max. growth percentage of budget and agency
Performance
Min absorption rates Task Teams last cycle (75%)
% annual deliverables realized last cycle (70%)
Ratio agency core resources allocated vs UN Country Fund resources requested (max 49% UNCF)
Programme priority
Annual UN programme priority areas (MDGs, Gender, Human Rights, CD, Environment,...)