1. Japanese Invasion and Occupation Manchurian Incident 1931 Invasion of China Proper 1937 Greater East Asia Co-prosperity Sphere 1940 Puppet governments “Three Alls” 1942 ( 三光政策 ) Kill, Burn, Loot Japanese Surrender 1945

2. Japanese Aggression Manchurian Incident 9/18/31 Zhang Xueliang (1901-2001) Manchurian Warlord Xian Incident 1936 Kidnapping of Chiang Kai-shek Second United Front GMD-CCP

3. Full Scale Invasion Japanese Invasion 7/7/37 ( 七七事變 ) Marco Polo Bridge Incident ( 盧溝橋事變 ) “Rape of Nanjing” December 1937 Puppet Regime 1940 Wang Jingwei ( 汪精衛 )

4. Shanghai Train Station 1937

5. Japanese Controlled Territory 1940

6. Japanese Occupation 1937-45 Three All Campaign, 1942 “kill all, burn all, loot all” Chongqing vs. Yan’an 1938-45 American Assistance to Chiang Kai-shek GMD decline – CCP growth 1937-45

8. General Hurley in Yenan 1944 Oklahoma Connection

9. Wartime Politics GMD post-Pearl Harbor (12/7/41) Rely on US support General Claire Chennault, Flying Tigers General Joseph “Vinegar Joe” Stillwell General Patrick Hurley Conserve forces for post war struggle CCP Guerilla Tactics Emphasize resistance against Japan Expand base areas in North

10. Generals Stillwell, Chennault, Hurley

11. Ambassador Hurley 1945

12. Civil War 1945-1949 Marshall Mission 1945 US mediation (George Marshall) GMD dominate 1945-1947 Inflation and Corruption CCP offensive 1947-1949 Huaihai Campaign 1948-49 Chiang Kai-shek flees to Taiwan 12/49 PLA Huaihai Campaign

13. People’s Republic of China Established October 1, 1949

14. People’s Republic of China Mao Zedong, Zhou Enlai, Zhu De, Liu Shaoqi, Chen Yun Stabilization and Control Land Reform Urban Control