1. Thorax and Abdomen Chapter 24
Athletic Injuries ATC 222
Thorax and Abdomen
Chapter 24

2. Abdominal Cavity Muscles Viscera rectus abdominus external oblique
internal oblique
transverse abdominus
Viscera
kidneys
liver
spleen
GI tract
appendix
urinary system

3. Abdominal Injuries Muscle contusions Strains Hernia not common
internal trauma?
Strains
very disabling
Hernia
protrusion of abdominal viscera
congenital Vs. acquired
types
inguinal (males)
femoral (female)
Signs and Symptoms
pain, protrusion
pain with coughing
history of a “strain”

4. Abdominal Injuries “Stitch in the Side” Possible Causes Treatment
ischemia
constipation/gas
overeating
weak abdominal muscles
spasm of diaphragm (poor conditioning level)
Treatment
stretch arm overhead
flexion of trunk
study possible causes

5. Abdominal Injuries Appendicitis “Blow to Solar Plexus” ages 15-24
bacterial infection
S/S
cramping/pain at McBurney’s Point
nausea/vomiting
low grade fever
“Blow to Solar Plexus”
“wind knocked out”
temporary paralysis of diaphragm
respiratory distress and paranoia
Treatment
calm athlete, loosen belt, flex knees
prevent hyperventilation, Consider int. trauma

6. Abdominal Injuries Spleen Laceration
most commonly injured organ from blunt trauma
High risk with which illness?
S/S
direct blow
shock
abdominal rigidity
nausea/vomiting
positive ________ sign
Spleen splinting and delayed hemorrhage

7. Abdominal Injuries Liver Contusion/Laceration
High risk due to what disease?
S/S
shock
pain URQ
referred pain posterior right shoulder
Kidney Contusion/Laceration
nausea/vomiting
back rigidity
hematuria

8. Abdominal Injuries Hollow Organs Scrotal Contusion low risk
meals 3-4 hrs. before activity
use restroom before activity
Scrotal Contusion
S/S
self-explanatory
Treatment
flex knees, drop 3-4”, jump
decrease cremasteric spasm

9. Thoracic Cavity Ribs Costal Cartilage
attach to thoracic vert. and sternum
protection, respiration
types
7 sternal (true)
3 false
2 floating
Costal Cartilage
joins ribs to sternum
joins false ribs to true ribs

10. Rib Injuries Contusion Vs. Fracture Vs. Costochondral Separation S/S
location of pain
pain with respiration
crepitus?
deformity?
positive compression test
Possible internal trauma
Treatment
contusion
fracture
costochondral separation

11. Goodbye