1. Nyob zoo! Hello!

2. Hmong Language & Culture SEASSI 2009

4. Hmong RPA Luang Prabang Province
Lindwood Barney (Protestant Missionary)
William A. Smalley (American linguist, anthropologist and missionary, at that time, he studied Khmu in Luang Prabang).
Ntxawg Yaaj (Hmong Advisor: tus pab tawm tswv yim, tsim kho suab)
Tuam Xyooj (Hmong Advisor: tus pab tawm tswv yim; tsim kho suab)

5. 2. Xeev (Kiu Katiam) (, Luang Prabang
Father Yves Bertrais [Txiv Plig Nyiaj Pov] (French Roman Catholic Missionary)
Ntxoov Yeej Yaj(Hmong Advisor, pab tawm tswv yim; tsim kho suab)
Txawj Hawj Thao (Hmong Advisor, pab tawm tswv yim; tsim kho suab)

6. Single Consonants (17)
C D F H K L M N
P Q R S T
V X Y Z
Moob Ntsuab: aa, dl, ndl, dlh, ndlh

7. Double Consonants (22)
CH DH HL HM HN
KH ML NC NK NP
NQ NR NT NY PH
PL QH RH TH TS
TX XY

8.  Triple Consonants (14)
HML HNY NCH NKH
NPH NPL NQH NRH
NTH NTS NTX PLH
TSH TXH 
Quadruple consonants (3)
NPLH NTSH NTXH

9. Moob Ntsuab: aa, dl, ndl, dlh, ndlh Single vowels (6) a e i o u w Tone Markers: B M J V _ (no symbol) S G D

10. Double Vowels (8) aa ai au aw ee ia oo ua

11. Hmong Language [Lus Hmoob]
Hmong language is a tonal language.
Hmong language has 8 tones.
B [high level pitch; maintain level pitch throughout the syllable]
M [low falling/mid range; exhale]
J [high falling; start high but drop quickly]
V [mid rising; maintain your level pitch first and then raise your voice at the end]
_ [no tone; mid level]
S [low level; start below middle rang, maintain level, then drop voice slightly at end]
G [breathy/whispery falling; falling pitch]
D [low rising; noticeable longer than other tones]

12. Lus Piv Txwv [Example] Cuab = to set a trap Cuam = to throw/gibbon
Cuaj = number 9 Cuav = fake
Cua = Wind/Chew Cuas = in-law
Cuag = to reach Cuad =
Pob = ball Pom = to see
Poj = a female Pov = to throw
Po = spleen Pos = to cover up
Pog = grandmother Pod =

13. Sob Lus : Sentences Peb pom Pov tuaj pw_ tos Pog ped.
We saw Poa sleeping over waiting for grandmother up there.
Pov pog pom lub pob.
Pao’s grandmother saw a ball.
Pov pom Pos pov pob.
Pao saw Poa tossing balls.
Pos pw pem Pov ped.
Poa sleep over there by Pao.
Peb pom Pov pog pw pem Paj.
We saw Pao’s grandmother sleep up there by Pa.
Pos puas paub Paj pog?
Did Poa knows Pa’s grandmother?

14. Hmong Oral Expression Marks
mas = yog mas [yes, it is true]
lov = ua li ntawd lov [really, is it really?]
nab = puas yog nab? = [is it true?]
os = ua li ntawd os [okay, that is fine]
nawb = ua li nawb [okay, leave as is]
laiv = yog li kuv mus lawm laiv [in that case, I’m leaving now]
yom = koj nrog kuv mus yom? [can you come along with me?]

15. Kev Sib Hu: Greeting A: Nyob zoo sawv ntxov, tav su, tsaus ntuj os.
a: Nyob zoo tav su os.
B: Nyob zoo os!
b: Hello/Hi!
A: Koj nyob li cas hnub no os?
a: How are you today?
B: Nyob zoo mas, koj ne?
b: Fine, and you?
A: Kuv nyob zoo thiab mas.
a: I’m doing fine too.

16. Lus Txuas [Classifiers]
rab {tools, log objects}
lub {utensils, furnitures, round objects}
daim {use for flate objects}
phau {things come in volume}
sab {side of things; body parts}
txhais {side of thing, body parts}
tsob {living plants}
tus {people, log objects, animals, insects}
txoj {string objects}
zaj {songs, stories}

17. Hmong Hmoob Dub = Black Hmong Hmoob Dawb = White Hmong
Hmoob Leeg/Ntsuab = Green Hmong
Hmoob Txhaij = Stripe Hmong
Hmoob Liab Hau = Red Head Hmong
Hmoob Suav = Chinese Hmong

18. Red Head Hmong

19. Green Hmong

20. Stripe Hmong

21. Black Hmong

22. White Hmong

23. Chinese Hmong

24. Kwv Txhiaj Kwv txhiaj plees = love song
Kwv txhiaj ntsuag = orphanage song
Kwv txhiaj ua nyab = marriage song
Kwv txhiaj tuag = dying/funeral song
Kwv thiaj tsiv teb tsaus chaws = migrate song
Kwv txhiaj ua tsov ua rog = War song
Kwv thiaj ua tshoob ua kos = Wedding song

25. Ni Yai…txiv leej tub………
Ni Yai…txiv leej tub………. Luag tsuas cav zoj tias tus nplooj tsawb twb zoo tsis cuag lawm tus nplooj ntse…es ntxhais nkauj xwb niam xav tsa ncauj nrog lawm koj hais los twb tsis paub lawm koj npe sas Hmoob om……. Tab nov ntsheb txiv leej tub……… Luag tsuas cav zoj tias tus nplooj ntse twb zoo tsis cuag lawm tus nplooj nqeeb…kuv ntxhais nkauj xwb niam xav tsa ncauj nrog lawm koj hais los twb tsis paub lawm koj xeem mog Hmoob om…….

26. Ni yai…..me ntxhais nkauj xwb…… Tus cua tuaj los cua tshuab es yuav tshuab tag tus nplooj lwg poob tas tej sib lis niab es kuv txiv leej tub tias yog koj lub ncauj dag tuaj tsis yuav tiag ces tsis txhob dag kuv txiv leej tub nyob mus dai siab sas nkauj xwb om… Tab nov ntsheb me ntxhais nkauj xwb…. Tus cua tuaj los cua tshuab es yuav tshuab tag tus nplooj lwg poob tas tej sib lis zawv es kuv txiv leej tub tias yog koj lub ncauj dag tuaj tsis yuav tiag ces tsis txhob dag kuv txiv leej tub nyob mus dai plawv sas nkauj xwb om…

27. Kwv Txhiaj Plees [Nyuam Qhuav Sib Ntsib]

28. Kwv Txhiaj Plees [Sib Hlub]

29. NCAS [Mouth Harp]

30. Raj [Flute]

31. Raj Pum Liv [Blade Less Flute]

32. Qeej [Khang]

33. Qeej [Khang]