1. Washington Heads the New Government
Chapter 6.1

2. BIG IDEAS
MAIN IDEA: President Washington transformed the ideas of the Constitution into a real government.
WHY IT MATTERS NOW: The Cabinet, an institution Washington created, is still a key element in every presidential administration.

3. Washington as President
He did not want to be the president
Voted in unanimously
Took on the task of creating a government based on Enlightenment

4. The New Government The Judiciary Act of 1789
“Supreme Law of the Land”– rule states unconstitutional
Chief Justices; 5 Federal Judges
3 Federal court
13 District courts

5. The New Government The Executive Branch
When Washington took office it was only him and the Vice President
Congress created 3 executive Departments
Department of State
Department Treasury
Department of War
Washington Choose department heads for each; these men became known as his Cabinet

6. The National Bank
Alexander Hamilton supported the idea of a nation wide banking system
The Bank of the United States would issue paper money, handle taxes, and monitor government funding
Many opposed this idea, like James Madison, fearing that this would link the government and wealthy business owners to closely

7. The District of Columbia
In order to win over the support of many southerners with his banking plan Hamilton proposed moving the Capital to a Southern City
The Capital was moved from NYC to the District of Columbia– located between Maryland and Virginia

8. First Political Parties
Democratic-Republicans
Federalists
“Jefferson’s Republicans
Actually more similar to modern Democrats
Strong State government
Hamilton
Strong Central Government

9. Divisions Develop
The Two-party system that was established continued after Washington left office
In 1789 congress passed the protective tariff in order to tax all goods produced in Europe– states did not like this.
Secretary Hamilton passed an excise tax (tax on the product’s manufacture/sale/distribution) on the sale and distribution of Whiskey– this lead to an outbreak

10. The Whiskey Rebellion
Farmers in Western PA and along the Appalachian MTS hated Hamilton's tax and threatened to leave the Union
Hamilton used this opportunity to show the power of the federal government by useing 15,000 federal militia to stop the rebellion