1. CHAPTER 8 THE FEDERALIST ERA
SECTION 1
THE FIRST PRESIDENT

2. PRESSURES OF BEING THE FIRST
PRECEDENT
Tradition; history “what have we done in this situation in the past?”
Knew everything he did would not only be the first, but be judged

3. PRECEDENTS SET BY WASHINGTON
INAUGURAL ADDRESS
TWO TERMS OF OFFICE*
THE CABINET
FOREIGN POLICY OF NEUTRALITY

4. VICE PRESIDENT John Adams
“About as important as a warm bucket of spit.”

5. PRESIDENTIAL HELP 1st Cabinet
Secretary of State (other nations) - Thomas Jefferson
Secretary of the Treasury- Alexander Hamilton
Secretary of War- Henry Knox
Attorney General (legal ????) - Edmund Randolph

6. JUDICIARY ACT

7. ECONOMY BIG TROUBLE National debt- money owed Hamilton’s proposal
New gov should pay off state debts
They helped us win the war
States would want to support nat’l gov

8. BONDS
Paper notes promising to repay money in a certain amount of time.
Need time to “mature,” or earn value
Many sold them early just to get some money at all – regretted the sale
Speculators bought them – about to get rich

9. COMPROMISE
To get Southern votes on debt issues, Hamilton promises a “Southern” capital.
Between Virginia and Maryland
African-American Benjamin Banneker was the surveyor
Frenchman Pierre L’Enfant designed the layout of the city

13. BANK OF THE UNITED STATES
Alexander Hamilton proposed – stronger nat’l economy
Only had state banks so far
Madison and Adams called the bank unconstitutional
Why?
Where does the Constitution say that there can, or can’t be a bank?

14. WHAT MAKES THE BANK “CONSTITUTIONAL?”
Hamilton’s Argument
The “Elastic Clause”
Necessary and Proper

15. TARIFFS AND TAXES
Tried to boost the American economy by putting a tariff (tax) on imports.
Kept competition from other nations low
South didn’t like it.
Taxed American goods like whiskey

16. WHAT ARE JEFFERSON AND MADISON AFRAID OF?
Strong national gov’t run by the wealthy

17. Textbook answers

18. Reading check pg 255 What did the Judiciary Act do?
Established a federal court system with 13 district courts and 3 circuit courts

19. Reading check pg 257
Summarize Hamilton’s plan for building the nation’s economy.
Hamilton’s plan would pay back debts, create a nat’l bank, impose protective tariffs (tax on imports) on foreign goods, and begin collecting nat’l taxes.

20. #2
How did the first Congress support President Washington in establishing the executive branch?
Congress passed laws at Washington’s request creating the three departments and two offices in the executive branch.

21. #3
Why did Madison and Jefferson disagree with Hamilton’s proposal for a nat’l bank? What was the outcome?
Madison and Jefferson thought a nat’l bank was unconstitutional and would benefit the wealthy. The bank was created despite objections – elastic clause

22. #4 Set up the court system.
Judiciary Act of 1789
Set up the court system.
Compromise between state and federal power.
Federal courts could overturn states’ decisions
State courts handled most cases and interpreted state laws.

24. #7 Washington’s precedents Inaugural Address Two terms
Creation of the cabinet
Neutral foreign policy