1. YAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAYYYYYY!!! PARTY!!!
Finite Verb Review
YAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAYYYYYY!!!
PARTY!!!

2. Number -- Sing. or Plural
Just as nouns have ‘declensions’ in Latin, verbs belong to ‘conjugations.’ To conjugate a verb is to list all the possible grammatical forms of a verb. Latin verbs belong to four (and a half) conjugations.
There are five pieces of grammatical information stored in a finite verb form (i.e., a ‘normal’ verb, not a verbal):
Person -- 1st, 2nd, or 3rd
Number -- Sing. or Plural
Tense -- Present, Imperfect, Future, Perfect, Pluperfect, Future Perfect
Voice -- Active or Passive
Mood -- Indicative or Subjunctive
< But we ain’t there yet!
< Or there!

3. The Present Active Tense -- Everyone’s Favourite
The present tense in Latin can be translated as ‘I verb,’ ‘I am verbing,’ or ‘I do verb.’ The six forms of the verb correspond with the six possible person/number combinations. All conjugations follow the same basic pattern with different intermediate vowels.
“To be:” I we
you
you (pl.)
he/she/it
they
sum
sumus es
estis
est
sunt
2nd:
1st:
amō
amāmus
amās
amātis
amat
amant
moneō
monēmus
monēs
monētis
monet
monent
4th:
3rd:
ducō
ducimus
ducis
ducitis
ducit
ducunt
audiō
audimus
audis
auditis
audit
audiunt

4. Imperfect and Future Actives
The imperfect tense is a progressive past tense in Latin: ‘I was verbing, kept on verbing…’ It is formed by inserting -ba- after the present stem, as in amabam, monebam, ducebam, and audiebam (note the -ie-).
amābam
amābāmus
amābās
amābātis
amābat
amābant
eram
erāmus
erās
erātis
erat
erant
The future, ‘I will/shall verb,’ is tricky. In the first and second conjugations, a
-bi- is inserted after the present stem, but in the third and fourth the ‘old maid vowels’ are used instead. Watch for these!
amābō
amābimus
amābis
amābitis
amābit
amābunt
ducam
ducēmus
ducēs
ducētis
ducet
ducent
erō
erimus
eris
eritis
erit
erunt

5. Perfective Actives
The perfect, pluperfect, and future perfect tenses are all formed off of the PERFECT stem (from the 3rd principal part), not the present stem. All verbs, even irregulars, use the same sets of endings for these tenses, although in some cases the present and perfect stems are quite dissimilar.
Perfect:
Pluperfect:
amāvī
amāvīmus
amāvistī
amāvistis
amāvit
amāvērunt
amāveram
amāverāmus
amāverās
amāverātis
amāverat
amāvērant
Future Perfect:
amāverō
amāverimus
amāveris
amāveritis
amāverit
amāvērint