1. World War I on the Home Front
U.S. History

2. Teacher Instructions
As you review the lecture with your students, they will take notes in the Storybook: WWI on the Home Front.
See Storybook directions to create books.
Review teacher notes under slides for specific instructions.
You may want to give your students the corresponding worksheet to be completed as homework.
You can assess their knowledge at the end of the lecture with the quiz.

3. Anticipation Guide

4. Standard
11.4.5: Analyze the political, economic, and social ramifications of World War I on the home front.

5. Objective
Students will be able to analyze the political, economic, and social ramifications of World War I on the home front by completing a storybook.

6. Causes of World War I

7. or the War to end all wars
The First World War
aka the Great War
or the War to end all wars

8. Film Clip; The Roots of War
Close power point and click on film: Roots of War

9. Imperialism Militarism Nationalism Causes of WWI System of Alliances
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Take notes about the causes of World War
Militarism
Nationalism
Causes of
WWI
As you review the causes of WWI, students take notes on the graphic organizer
System of
Alliances

10. the roots of WWI were in the Industrial Revolution
European countries industrialized and needed new markets and sources of raw materials – they also competed for industrial domination

11. Imperialism

12. The need for raw materials and new markets led European powers to compete for new territory…
European nations fought for colonies around the world, and they argued about territory within Europe…

13. Militarism

14. Militarism
Europeans thought that great nations had to have great armies.
The European nations built up their military and kept them permanently ready for war.
This would lead to trouble…

15. Nationalism

16. Nationalism Definition: Pride in one’s country
Problems arise when there is too much nationalism
Causes competition with other countries for domination
Competition came from:
Economic: wanted to control same raw materials and markets
Political: Europeans countries wanted to prove they were the most powerful country

17. Alliances

18. Alliances the European countries distrust one another
to protect themselves from being alone, all of the countries form alliances
The Triple Entente – Great Britain, France, and Russia
The Triple Alliance – Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy

20. The “spark” that lit the “fire”
Turn up the volume to hear explosion

21. Archduke Ferdinand is assassinated
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Austrian prince, Franz Joseph goes on holiday to Sarajevo, a city in Bosnia Herzegovina that is under Austrian control. He is killed by members of the Black Hand – a group with ties to the Serbian intelligence. Austria makes unrealistic demands of the Serbians. The Serbians waver and Austria declares war. Russia and Germany join in…

22. Woodrow Wilson’s Intervention in WWI
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Woodrow Wilson’s Intervention in WWI
When war broke out in Europe,
the United States had a policy of Neutrality.
Allied Powers
United States
Britain
France
Central Powers
Germany
Austria-Hungary
Ottoman Empire

24. Film Clip: The U.S. Enters the War
Close power point to play film clip: The U.S. Enters the War

25. The United States was unable to remain Neutral because:
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Economy
Loaning Money
Submarine Warfare
Public Opinion
Zimmerman Telegram

26. Page 4
Economy
The U.S. had huge economic investments with the British and French. If they were to lose, then they would not be able to pay the U.S. debt back (amounting to about two billion dollars while Germany only borrowed a mere 27 million).

27. Page 4
Loaning Money
If Allies could not pay back all the loans made to them by the American bankers, the US's economy could collapse.
France and England were financing their war with U.S. loans. In addition, they were buying massive amounts of arms from the U.S. on credit. The U.S. wanted to make sure that it got paid back. Germany also purchased arms, but in a much more limited fashion.

28. January 1917, Germany announces Unrestricted Submarine Warfare

29. In March 1915, German submarines sunk the British ship the Lusitania, killing 128 US citizens.

30. Page 4
Public Opinion
No one remained neutral in the United States, with many people siding with their mother country.
Germany and the Central Powers were looked down upon because of their invasion of neutral Belgium
Propaganda was used by both sides, with the allies being more successful.

31. The British decoded the telegram and gave it to the USA.
On April 2, 1917, President Wilson asked Congress to declare war on Germany.
In February 1917, the British intercepted a telegram from the German foreign minister, Arthur Zimmerman, to the German ambassador in Mexico City.
The British decoded the telegram and gave it to the USA.

32. To prepare for war, the United States:
In 1917, the United States entered the war on the side of the Allies. They were unprepared for war, and were unable to quickly mobilize.
To prepare for war, the United States:
Started a military draft
Converted factories, so that they were making military goods
“Work or Fight” Campaign

33. Effects of WWI on the Home Front
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Effects of WWI on the Home Front
Political ramifications
Social ramifications
Economic ramifications

34. Political
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Committee on Public Information was created to convince Americans to support the war by creating propaganda.
Espionage and Sedition Acts
war protestors were imprisoned
Limited free speech
18th Amendment: You cannot buy, sell or make alcohol
19th Amendment: Women have the right to vote
The Selective Service Act:
Created a draft

35. Social African Americans:
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African Americans:
had new job opportunities in the north because men were off to war
Were able to fight in WWI
German Americans were persecuted and attacked
Citizens were encouraged to save money and plant “victory gardens” to grow their own food

36. Economic Businesses were controlled by the government
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Businesses were controlled by the government
War was expensive
Government had to raise taxes to pay for war
Government also sold bonds

38. On the Home Front What is propaganda? What was the goal of propaganda?
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On the Home Front
What is propaganda?
What was the goal of propaganda?
Draw your own propaganda poster from the war.

39. The End of the War

40. Film Clip; WWI Comes to an End
Close power point to play video: WWI Comes to an End

41. The War to End All Wars ended on November 11, 1918
Europe was left to wonder what had happened…
Over 65 million men were mobilized…
There were 37,500,000 casualties…
Over 21 million men returned injured
Over 8,500,000 men died
The war cost over $31,000,000,000
someone had to pay…the question was who…

43. The Victorious Allies have different visions of peace
Georges Clemenceau was the French leader.
France had been invaded by Germany in 1870 and in the French wanted the Germans to be made weak so that they would not attack them again.
The war had been fought mostly in France. The countryside was destroyed. Villages burned and the population decimated.
Germany needed to pay to repair the damage their invasion of France caused.
Woodrow Wilson was the President of the United States.
He wanted to rebuild the world after the devastation of the World War. He pushed hard for a peace that would include an international body that would make sure that there would be no future wars. The League of Nations was created for this purpose. Unfortunately the American public wanted the US to remain isolated and they never joined the League.
David Lloyd George was the British leader.
He publicly called for the Germans to pay for starting the war. Privately, he worried that if the Germans were too weakened, the Communists could take over the country.

44. Wilson’s Fourteen Points January 8, 1918
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Wilson’s Fourteen Points January 8, 1918

45. Open covenants of peace, openly arrived at, after which there shall be no private international understandings of any kind but diplomacy shall proceed always frankly and in the public view.
Absolute freedom of navigation upon the seas, outside territorial waters, alike in peace and in war, except as the seas may be closed in whole or in part by international action for the enforcement of international covenants.
The removal, so far as possible, of all economic barriers and the establishment of equality of trade conditions among all the nations consenting to the peace and associating themselves for its maintenance.
Adequate guarantees given and taken that national armaments will be reduced to the lowest point consistent with domestic safety.
A free, open-minded, and absolutely impartial adjustment of all colonial claims, based upon a strict observance of the principle that in determining all such questions of sovereignty the interests of the populations concerned must have equal weight with the equitable claims of the government whose title is to be determined.
The evacuation of all Russian territory and such a settlement of all questions affecting Russia as will secure the best and freest cooperation of the other nations of the world in obtaining for her an unhampered and unembarrassed opportunity for the independent determination of her own political development and national policy and assure her of a sincere welcome into the society of free nations under institutions of her own choosing; and, more than a welcome, assistance also of every kind that she may need and may herself desire. The treatment accorded Russia by her sister nations in the months to come will be the acid test of their good will, of their comprehension of her needs as distinguished from their own interests, and of their intelligent and unselfish sympathy.
secure access to the sea, and whose political and economic independence and territorial integrity should be guaranteed by international covenant.
A general association of nations must be formed under specific covenants for the purpose of affording mutual guarantees of political independence and territorial integrity to great and small states alike.

46. Belgium, the whole world will agree, must be evacuated and restored, without any attempt to limit the sovereignty which she enjoys in common with all other free nations. No other single act will serve as this will serve to restore confidence among the nations in the laws which they have themselves set and determined for the government of their relations with one another. Without this healing act the whole structure and validity of international law is forever impaired.
All French territory should be freed and the invaded portions restored, and the wrong done to France by Prussia in 1871 in the matter of Alsace-Lorraine, which has unsettled the peace of the world for nearly fifty years, should be righted, in order that peace may once more be made secure in the interest of all.
A readjustment of the frontiers of Italy should be effected along clearly recognizable lines of nationality.
The peoples of Austria-Hungary, whose place among the nations we wish to see safeguarded and assured, should be accorded the freest opportunity to autonomous development.
Romania, Serbia, and Montenegro should be evacuated; occupied territories restored; Serbia accorded free and secure access to the sea; and the relations of the several Balkan states to one another determined by friendly counsel along historically established lines of allegiance and nationality; and international guarantees of the political and economic independence and territorial integrity of the several Balkan states should be entered into.
The Turkish portion of the present Ottoman Empire should be assured a secure sovereignty, but the other nationalities which are now under Turkish rule should be assured an undoubted security of life and an absolutely unmolested opportunity of autonomous development, and the Dardanelles should be permanently opened as a free passage to the ships and commerce of all nations under international guarantees.
An independent Polish state should be erected which should include the territories inhabited by indisputably Polish populations, which should be assured a free and

47. Pair-Share What were Wilson’s goals outlined in the Fourteen Points?
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Pair-Share What were Wilson’s goals outlined in the Fourteen Points?

48. The Victorious Allies make the Germans sign a peace treaty at the Palace of Versailles
But the Germans were forced to accept very harsh conditions… the treaty would lead to future problems.

49. The Treaty of Versailles
made Germany accept blame for starting the war.
took a lot of German land away for other countries
took German land for new countries
split the Austria-Hungary Empire into two countries
created many new European nations, like Poland, Czechoslavakia, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, and Finland
made the Germans pay a huge financial debt to the allies – known as reparations
created demilitarized zones
demilitarized the German army

50. WILSON’S FOURTEEN POINTS Says – Means – Matters

51. Pair-Share
What was one of the main reasons Woodrow Wilson’s Fourteen Points failed to be adopted by the Versailles conference?
He refused to compromise his moral values

52. Artillery makes the same old noise Valor is an attribute of boys
All armies are the same
Publicity is fame
Artillery makes the same old noise
Valor is an attribute of boys
Old soldiers all have tired eyes
All soldiers hear the same old lies
Dead bodies always have drawn flies
Hemingway’s Poem
What point is Hemingway making about war?

53. The End

54. Wrap-Up
Please take out a piece of paper and title it: Quiz: WWI on the Home Front.
Write the answer on your own paper.