1. Tourism Supply Pertemuan 5-6
Matakuliah : G1174/Tourism Management and Planning
Tahun : 2007
Tourism Supply Pertemuan 5-6

2. Topics Map of Tourism Industry
Supply chain management: Attraction, Amenities and Access
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3. Objectives To explain the supply chain in tourism industry
To describe the role of tourism supply in the tourism system
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4. Tourism Supply
Tourism is a composite of activities, services and industries that deliver a travel experience.
The players who provide activities, services and industries are called as Tourism Supply.
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5. The Tourism Phenomenon: Component of Tourism
Attraction & Activities
Access
Amenities
Three A’s of Tourism Supply
Destination
Source: Goeldner & Ritchie (2003)
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6. A typical supply chain Destination Origin area Consumer
Purchase a package holiday
Accommodation
Meals & drinks
Related services
Trip to destination
Transfer to accommodation
Visitor on holiday at destination
The package
Transportation
Tourism industry involment
Tour operator Hotel, Restaurant
Airlines, Cruise lines Bus company
National parks, Beach resort, etc.
Source: Page (2007)
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7. Three A’s Tourism Supply
Attraction and Activities, including: Natural resources, Cultural resources, Man-made resources
Access, including:
Infrastructure - all underground and surface construction
Superstructure - facilities constructed primarily to support tourist activities
Technology - it is shaping the nature of both tourism products and travel experience,
Information - the ability to assemble, interpret and utilise information in an effective manner,
Governance - the system surrounding tourism ie. legal, regulation, etc.
Amenities, including:
Transportation – typify the movement of people in travel
Accommodation – a place to stay
F&B establishment – a place to be fed
Tourism services – linking ‘experience suppliers’ and the tourist, etc.
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8. Attraction and Activities
A fundamental element of any tourists’ itinerary and it is the raison d’etre for the visit.
Consists of:
Natural resource, naturally occuring and used by visitors as places to consume tourism (eg. Beach, Mountain, etc.)
Cultural attraction, people learn about each other’s way of life and tought (eg. Tradition, Way of life, etc.)
Man-made resources, emerged as response to the developng tourism market in a local and ofter build upon the natural attraction (eg. Theme Park, Leisure Centre, etc.)
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9. Accessibilities
Infrastructure – all underground and surface construction
Basic things that has not been put in place mainly to serve tourism but have been put in place to meet the needs of residents.
They are: water supply systems, sewage disposal systems, gas lines, electrical lines, drainage systems, roads, communication networks and commercial facilities.
Superstructure – facilities constructed primarily to support visitation and tourist activities
Facilities that have been developed especially to respond to the demand of visitors.
They are: Airports, railroads, roads, drives, parking lots, parks, marina & doc facilities, bus and train stations, stores, etc.
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10. Amenities
The operating sectors of the tourism industry represent what many of the general public perceived as ‘tourism’.
They are:
Transportation
Accommodation
F&B establisment
Tourism services
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11. Transportation
“The means to reach the destination and also means of movement at the destination”
Transportation function:
Movement from point to point
Part of leisure (quality of journey)
Types of transportation:
Basic elements of travel transportation
The way
Carrying unit
Terminal
The motive power

12. The role of transport in tourist travel
Tourist leaves home area
Transport link
Airport shuttle/taxi/public transport/private car
Departure terminal
Trip to destination
Destination terminal
Transfer to hotel
Hotel
Train journey
Tour by coach
Car hire
Local cruise
Cycle hire
Source: Page (2007)
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13. Accomodation
Focal point of holiday and often packaged as part of an experience of a place.
Range of Accomodation
Paying vs. Non-paying
Services vs. Non-serviced
Owned vs. Rented
Primary purposed vs. Secondary occupation
Static vs. Mobile
Short stay vs. Long stay
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14. Types of Accomdation Chalet & Mansion Hotel (Inn or Lodge)
Motel (motor hotel)
Pondok Wisata
Bumi Perkemahan (Camping Ground)
Persinggahan (Homestay or Dormitory)
Karavan (Caravan)
Losmen (Lodgement)
Wisma atau Mess (Guest House)
Pondok Remaja (Youth Hostel)
Chalet & Mansion
Villa, bungalow dan cottage
Marina atau nautel
Kapal Pesiar (floating hotel or floatel)
Hotel Perahu (Boat Hotel or Boatel)
Flat (Holiday Flatlet), Apartemen dan Kondominium
Boutique hotel, design hotel dan gallery hotel
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15. Foods and Drinks
Food and drink are among its most important impression of a destination.
The feature of local dishes, ethnic atmosphere is part of the fun.
There are types of F&B establishment:
Inns
Tavern
Coffee shop & Tea House
Bar & Pub
Club & Discotheque
Lounge
Café
Brasserie = café + restaurant
Restaurant
Formal & casual
Fastfood & Dine-in
Theme: Family, Seafood, Vegetarian, Ethnic, etc.
Rumah Makan
Catering
Warung
Bistro
Pattiserie
Dinning car = restoration
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16. How tour operators link the elements of tourism supply?
Transport companies
Tourist services
Accommodation provider
Packaging of elements
into a product by
a tour operator
INTERMEDIARIES
Corporate direct selling
Internet
Call centre
Virtual agency through online/teletext
Travel agents
DEMAND
Customer
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17. Function of Tourism Services
1. Travel information
2. Travel advisor = travel consultant
3. Mediato
4. Marketer
5. Negosiator
6. Risk taker
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18. Scope of work of Tourism Services
Preparing, selling and conducting tour package
Providing transportation services
Providing tickets reservation of land, sea and air transportation
Providing hotel voucher, meals, etc.
Providing travel documents
Providing travel guide services
Conducting MICE (with special permit)
Conducting pilgrimage (ONH umroh) (with special permit)
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19. Conclusion
The supply chain comprises the suppliers of all the goods and services that go into the delivery of tourism products to consumers.
It includes all suppliers of goods and services whether or not they are directly contracted by tour operators or by their agents (including ground handlers) or suppliers (including accommodation providers).
Tourism supply chains involve many components - not just accommodation, transport and excursions, but also bars and restaurants, handicrafts, food production, waste disposal, and the infrastructure that supports tourism in destinations.
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