1. Spreadsheets and Marks © Nipawin School Division 2003

2. Spreadsheets - Functions Using the pointer method is adequate for simple formulas however sooner or later you must use a more complex formula. Excel has several of these available and several ways of entering them

3. Spreadsheets - Functions Instead of typing =b1+c1+d1+e1 you can make use of a functions called sum. To use it you: Locate your cursor in the cell you want to enter the formula in Type an = sign to tell Excel that you want to enter a formula Type sum( Use your mouse cursor or the arrow keys to point to the first cell Type : (this tells the computer that you are going to give it a list of cells all in a row or column) Use your mouse cursor to point to the last cell in the row or column Type a ) and press enter

4. Spreadsheets - Functions Other functions which you can use are all listed in the help menu. Go to Help Search for Help on... type Functions, worksheet look for Alphabetical List of Worksheet Functions

5. Entering formulas can be time consuming unless you know how to copy them. To copy a formula, enter it once into a cell In this case I am going to want the spreadsheet to divide G7 by G5 Spreadsheets – Copying Functions

6. Click Enter and your calculation is done. To copy it however we have to think about how the spreadsheet will respond. It will say to get G% I go over 1 and up 2. It will continue to do that if you copy the formula down. But that will give us a worng answer because the directions for the next row down should be go right 1 and up 3, not 2. Spreadsheets – Copying Functions

7. To get it to go to G5 all the time we click on the cell and the formula comes up in the formula bar

8. To ensure that the formula gets copied right insert a $ in front of the G and in front of the 5 This tells Excell to always go back to THAT cell no matter how many times down the spreadsheet the formula gets copied Spreadsheets – Copying Functions

9. Now to copy the formula click on the G7 cell that has the formula Then when your cursor reappears underneath, carefully slide it up until it covers the lower right corner and changes to a plus sign

10. Spreadsheets – Copying Functions Now drag that plus sign down until you have included all the cells you wish to have the formula copied into When you release the formula will be copied into your spreadsheet

11. Spreadsheets - Formatting Your spreadsheet has a set of student averages which are currently in decimal form. Excel will automatically convert these to percent form. To do this you: select the cells you wish to format (mouse or the F8 key plus arrow keys. got to the Format menu go to the Cells option

12. Spreadsheets - Formatting Now choose the Number tab choose the percentage option and the number of decimal places you want click on OK

13. Spreadsheets – Functions & Formatting If you feel confident about functions and formatting, try the following: Load in your MARX1.XLS and change several things about it change your formulas for the individual averages to use the functions sum and avg format the decimal fractions you have for averages as percentages with two decimal points. Save it as MARX2.XLS