1. Feudalism and Manorialism

2. What is the difference between Feudalism and Manorialism?
Economic, political, and social organization of medieval European relationships
Deals mostly with upper class relationships
Lords and Vassals
2. Manorialism:
Agricultural, legal, and social organization of land
The land and its’ inhabitants were the manor.
Both belonged to a lord

3. Why did feudalism develop?
The new stability in Europe caused by
weather
new agricultural practices
less threats from invaders
Influence from Romans and Comitatus

4. What were the results of feudalism?
Revival of cities
Internal and external colonization
Altered power structure
Relationships became more personal

6. The Feudal Milieu Social Environment
Kings could not longer protect all of their people so people turned to neighbors that were stronger.
The bonds were very familial
This environment spread throughout Europe

7. Terms you are responsible for:
1.Vassal
2. Aid
3. Fief
4. Homage
5. Fealty
6. Relief
7. Subinfeudation
8. Liege Lord

8. Activity
Today we are going to demonstrate how these relationships functioned and see who benefits the most form this type of structure.

9. The Organization 8F 8C King: Quinten King: Tim A Group A Group B Group
Lord (Noble) : Daniel
Vassals : Vivek, Stefan, Darian
Peasants: Skylar, Annie, Madison, Sophia, Anna, Audrey, Eva
B Group
Lord (Noble) : Zack
Vassals : Nick, Jordon, Jenny
Peasants: Grant, Gwen, Monique, Sophie, Simeon, Jake, Celeste 8C
King: Tim
A Group
Lord (Noble) : Chris
Vassal : Ryan, Shaylan, Jack
Peasants: Kaitlin, Alexa, Natalie, Lexi, Sarah, Logan, Dylan W.
B Group
Lord (Noble) : Travis
Vassal : Alex, Mason, Dillon L.
Peasants: Kayla, Jenna, Kora, Taylor, Sophie, Taryn, Josh

10. Life of the Nobility

11. Noble Families-Inheritance
Adopted family names from the founder of the ancestral castle
Change from partible inheritance to primogenture
Daughters could not receive inheritance, but they could get dowries
Younger sons could only gain land through war of heiresses

12. Knights and Armor
Long periods of training were needed to become a skilled warrior
Pages: sons of vassals sent to live and train with the lord between the ages of 7 and 8
Squires: teenage knights
Knighthood (sir): received at age 21
They had to be skilled, brave, a loyal leader, and conventionally pious

16. Song of Roland Best known of Medieval heroic poems
Written in the last quarter of the 11th century
The ambush of the rear guard of Charlemagne’s army under the command of Roland.
We will read more 

17. Medieval Castles
Defensive Fortress Homes

23. Manorialism

24. Terms to know: Serfs: Manor:
What is the difference between a serf and a peasant?
Open fields:
Demesne land:
Glebe land:

27. The Lord’s Control Over the serfs it was considerable
Serfs could not leave the manor without the Lord’s permission
The lord or his steward rant he manorial court.
In what ways could this be unfair?

28. Serfdom Had to work for the lord a set number of days a week
Intense work during harvest and planting
Week work: lords land
Boon work: additional work on lord’s land
What was the only benefit that freedom really bought?

29. Peasant Life: Standard of Living
Rents were fixed and could not be raised from year to year
They could profit from improvements they made to the land since they had a right to the land.

30. Peasant Life: Housing/ Food/ Culture
They built houses out of what was abundant
Animals were always close
Food was largely based on grain
Life was filled with labor but punctuated by religious festivals and holidays

32. Gender Roles Men Plowing, fieldwork, firewood, carting, construction
Women
Tend to animals, milk animals, make butter/ cheese, collect eggs
Brewing
Cooking meals
Raising children
Spun cloth
**They all had access to a market economy

33. What does the chart tell us about Medieval Population?

35. Reasons for growth? 1. End of invasions
2. Relative stability of feudalism/ manorialism
3. Increase agricultural activity
4. New economic opportunities

36. What happens as population grows?
Populations EXPAND internally and externally

37. When areas populate quickly what tends to happen
When areas populate quickly what tends to happen? Create a list of possible outcomes
War (N)
Peaceful expansion (P)
Overpopulation (N)
Economic growth (P)
Clash of cultures (N)
Blending of cultures (P)
Spread of diseases (N)
Spread of ideas (P)

38. Internal Colonization
Clearing of forests and marshes to expand agricultural space
Lords began to offer freedom to encourage colonization of new land
How did they name these new settlements?

39. External Colonization (Conquest)
German nobles pushed east beyond the former borders of the Frankish empire
People moved to the Baltic Sea, Finland, and Austria.
“Drang nach Osten” drive to the east that offered new land and low rent
By the end of the 15th century the size of Germany had tripled

41. Reconquista The reconquest and resettlement of the Iberian Peninsula.
In the mid 11th century Christian kings took the offensive against the Muslims
By 1275 only Granada remained under Muslim rule.

43. Ferdinand and Isabella
Ordered the expulsion of all Jews and Muslims from Spain between
Responsible for the Spanish Inquisition

44. The Hauteville Brothers (Norman)
William Iron-Arm, Humphrey, and Drogo wanted to seek out fortunes as mercenaries.
They started as mercenaries but began carving their own estates.
Succeeded in defeating the Muslims and Byzantines in southern Italy and Siciliy.
They united the two regions into one kingdom called the Kingdom of Naples and Sicily.

45. Rebirth of Urban Life
Before 1200 no town in Western Europe included more than 30,000 people
As trade increased, the size of cities increased.
Towns were the one place that offered vertical social mobility.
Houses were close together, 2-4 stories high, there was great entertainment, and the rich and poor lived side by side.

46. Urban Social Hierarchy
Patricians: small elite group at the top
Shopkeepers and Artisans
Urban Poor
Peasants/ Domestic Slaves