1.  Nervous system is sensitive to pressure, taste, hormone levels, and light, sound and blood pH levels  Converted to signals and sent to the brain via the spinal cord  Response is made and converted to action like changing heart rate, releasing hormones or the basic movement

2.  Grey Matter – Outside of cerebrum; inside of spinal cord. Composed of neuronal somas.  White Matter – Inside of cerebrum; outside of spinal cord. Composed of axons Myelinated axons give it white colour.

3.  Central Nervous System (CNS) includes the Brain and Spinal Cord Coordinates reactions  Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) is a collection of nerves that connects the CNS to the other parts of the body Displays reflexes

4.  Afferent nerves carry information towards the CNS/PNS.  Efferent nerves carry information towards the body.  Identify each fibre as afferent or efferent

5.  Protected by the skull, 3 layers of meninges (connective tissue) and vertebrae  The brain is the main part of the CNS, and also consists of three parts: The Cerebrum, Cerebellum and the Brain Stem.

6.  Divided into left and right hemispheres  Interprets signals from the body and forms responses (hunger, pain, emotion etc.)  Outer layer is known as cerebral cortex. Interprets information from sensory organs and generates responses..  Underneath cortex are many smaller structures with different functions

7.  Lobes are groups of neurons that work together to perform specific tasks Frontal – Personality, reasoning, judgement, some voluntary movement, speech production Parietal – Interprets and coordinates sense of touch Temporal – Speech interpretation, hearing, some memory Occipital – Visual processing

8.  Many tasks are a result of coordination between lobes. Eg) Petting a kitten is interpreted by Parietal lobe but the actual act of petting is coordinated by the Frontal lobe

9.  Second largest part of the brain Hangs below the brain like a bell!  Controls muscle coordination and maintains posture and balance by working with Frontal lobe

10.  Connects brain to spinal cord  Controls basic life functions (breathing, heartbeat, swallowing etc.)  Consists of midbrain, pons and medulla oblongata

11.  Runs along the dorsal (ie. back) side of the body  Consists of the spinal cord encased in vertebrae and meninges.  This is where the PNS connects to the CNS Links the brain to nerves found throughout the body.

12.  You will summarize 889 – 890 of the text to make your own notes for the PNS.  Ensure you cover these topics: Does the PNS function separately from the CNS, does it relay information to the CNS or both? Explain. What are the two divisions of the PNS and what are their functions? What is meant by the “fight or flight system”? How does this differ “from the rest and digest” response (ie. Parasympathetic system)