1. The Amazing Brain Weighs about 3 pounds Major portions: Cerebrum
Diencephalon
Cerebellum
Brainstem
Made of about 100 billion neurons

2. The Amazing Brain Cerebrum Largest portion Higher mental functions
Diencephalon
Processes sensory input
Brain Stem
Coordinates and regulates visceral activities
Cerebellum
Coordinates muscle movements

3. Cerebrum Largest portion 2 cerebral hemispheres
connected by CORPUS CALLOSUM
Many convolutions to increase surface area

4. Cerebrum Divided into lobes Frontal lobe Parietal lobe Temporal lobe
Occipital lobe

5. Cerebrum Performs higher brain functions Interpreting sensory info
Coordinating muscle movement
Intelligence & personality

6. Cerebrum Special areas control different functions Primary Motor Area
(Frontal Lobe)
Controls motor impulses
Frontal Association Area
Thinking, planning, emotions, behavior

7. Cerebrum C. Premotor Area (Frontal Lobe) Behavior planning
Muscle movement for various actions
D. Frontal Eye Field
Coordinates voluntary eye movements

8. Cerebrum E. General Interpretive Area a.k.a. Wernicke’s Area
(Temporal Lobe)
Recognition of written
and spoken language
F. Broca’s area
Coordinates muscles that create speech

9. Cerebrum G. Somatosensory area (Parietal Lobe)
Limb position, touch sensations
H. Visual Area
(Occipital Lobe)
Sight
Identification of things we see

11. Hemisphere Dominance
Both cerebral hemispheres function in receiving and analyzing sensory input and sending motor impulses to the opposite side of the body.
Most people exhibit hemisphere dominance for the language-related activities of speech, writing, and reading.

12. Hemisphere Dominance
90% of the population exhibits left hemisphere dominance
Some are right hemisphere dominant
Some have equal dominance in both hemispheres
The non-dominant hemisphere specializes in nonverbal functions and controls emotions and intuitive thinking.

15. Frontal Lobe
Higher level functions: emotions, reasoning, problem solving, judgment, movement, creativity
Parietal Lobe
Somatosensory Info: touch, pain, taste, pressure
Temporal Lobe
Hearing and language
Occipital Lobe
Vision

16. Ventricles Interconnected cavities w/in cerebrum & brainstem
Filled with CSF

17. Diencephalon Area between cerebral hemispheres Thalamus Hypothalamus
Limbic System
Glands

18. Diencephalon Thalamus = Switchboard
Directs impulses from spinal cord to correct location in brain

19. Diencephalon Hypothalamus: Heart rate & blood pressure Body temp.
Water/salt balance
Hunger/weight
Movements & secretions of
stomach & intestines
Hormone secretion
Sleep & wakefulness

20. Diencephalon LIMBIC SYSTEM – emotions & expression AMYGDALA
Recognizes facial expressions
Assesses situation and responds
Primitive decision-making center
Emotions

21. Diencephalon
LIMBIC SYSTEM
HIPPOCAMPUS
Memory
Spatial navigation

22. Brainstem Connects cerebrum & spinal cord Parts: Pons- breathing rate
Medulla Oblongata-
Heart rate, BP,
Sneezing, coughing,
vomitting

23. Cerebellum coordinates skeletal muscle activity balance equilibrium
maintains posture