1. The English Renaissance 1485 - 1625 “Celebrating Humanity” Pgs. 222 - 232

2. Tell the story of The Renaissance Shepard, Gerathy, Donovan

3. Tell the story of the Protestant Reformation Barbella, Peck, Durkin

4. Tell the story of the Henry’s Mott, Mortenson, Fernandez

5. The Queens (Bloody,Liz,Scots) Mary I restored roman catholic practices to the church of England Restored authority of the pope in England She earned the nickname “ Bloody Mary” by executing 300 Protestants Elizabeth I & Mary Stuart Half sister of Mary I Put an end to the religious turmoil between Catholics and protestants Well educated Her cousin, Mary Stuart, was the queen of Scotland by birth and next in line for the thrown Elizabeth's mother’s marriage to Henry VIII was not recognized by the Catholics Catholics believed Mary Stuart was the rightful queen Elizabeth had Mary imprisoned for 18 years because of her threat to the thrown While in prison Mary organized numerous Catholic plots against Elizabeth After parliament order Elizabeth had Mary executed Making Mary a catholic Martyr

6. The Jacobean Era The Jacobean Era and Prose: o The scholars still preferred to write in Latin, therefore the English prose still had Latin influence. o The prose of Sidney, Nashe, and Raleigh, were several Elizabethan poets that contributed major works of Jacobean prose. o Sir Philip Sidney's “defense of poesie” is one of the earliest works of English literary criticism. o Sir Francis Bacon was: Leading prose writer of the English renaissance His greatest work “Novum Organum” made major contributions to natural science and philosophy o The King James Bible: Most monumental prose achievement of the renaissance. This was the english translation of the bible. Fifty four scholars labored for seven years It widely quoted influential works in the English Language.

7. Renaissance Lit. (3 types) Elizabethan Poetry - Poets perfected the sonnet and experimented - Sydney, Spencer, and Shakespeare were the top poets - Popular style was the sonnet cycle, which was a series of sonnets that formed a story - Christopher Marlowe helped popularize pastoral verse - Idealizes the rustic simplicity of rural life Elizabethan Drama - turned away from religious subjects and began to write complex and sophisticated stories - reintroduced dramas and tragedies - popular writer were Christopher Marlowe and William Shakespeare Elizabethan and Jacobean Prose - liked writing in Latin - used long words and ornate sentences - kings James bible- monumental prose

8. Protestant Reformation As nationalism grew many Europeans began to question the Roman Catholic Church o Some felt the church officials were corrupt and questioned their teachings A scholar, Desiderius Erasmus, raised many questions about interpretations involving morality and religion Martin Luther, a German monk, staged a protest that divided the Roman Catholic Church and the new Christian denomination known as Lutheranism o This Process was called the Protestant Reformation

9. The Renaissance Started in Italian city-states in 1350 and spread towards England in 1485 Supported rebirth of civilization through learning and arts Led to advances in English sea exploration -Advances in technology (compass/astronomy) Columbus arrived in Western Hemisphere in 1492 Age of Exploration began in 1497- John Cabot reached Newfoundland

10. Story of the Henry’s Henry VII: - rebuilt nation’s treasury -Reestablished law and order -Restored prestige in the monarchy Henry VIII: - son of King VII -Tried for annulment, remarried anyway -Broke relationship between church and state -Seized church’s property King Edward VI: - son of Henry VII -Became king at 9, and died at 15 -Replaced Latin to English in church -Changed England to a Protestant nation Queen Elizabeth: -Edward’s half sister -Reestablish monarch supremacy -Instituted religious compromise between Catholic and Protestant

11. Changing English Language ( 232 ) Keena, Dessel, Viktoriya Shakespeare used 20,000+ words in his works, and over 1,700 of them were created by himself “Reading his work is like witnessing the birth of a language”(pg 232)