1. The two major conflicting schools of thought regarding reducing birthrates in poorer nations include incentive and coercive policies versus 1.letting population grow unchecked until a new natural dynamic is reached. 2.encouraging emigration from more populated regions to less populated regions. 3.assisting in development after which population growth will slow down on its own. 4.increasing food aid to provide for populations that cannot reliably feed themselves. 5.a belief that nothing can be done. 6.1

2. The two major conflicting schools of thought regarding reducing birthrates in poorer nations include incentive and coercive policies versus 1.letting population grow unchecked until a new natural dynamic is reached. 2.encouraging emigration from more populated regions to less populated regions. 3.assisting in development after which population growth will slow down on its own. 4.increasing food aid to provide for populations that cannot reliably feed themselves. 5.a belief that nothing can be done. 6.1

3. Criticisms of the theory that population growth rates will eventually slow down on their own if populations are helped to develop include all of the following EXCEPT 1.in the short-run, a growing human population will continue to cause more and more damage to the environment. 2.higher levels of affluence will result in higher rates of consumption and pollution. 3.technology cannot play any useful role in development without negative environmental consequences. 4.resources used to help other populations would not be available to help people who need assistance locally. 5.cultural change, including attitudes about family size, must come from within the culture to be accepted. 6.2

4. Criticisms of the theory that population growth rates will eventually slow down on their own if populations are helped to develop include all of the following EXCEPT 1.in the short-run, a growing human population will continue to cause more and more damage to the environment. 2.higher levels of affluence will result in higher rates of consumption and pollution. 3.technology cannot play any useful role in development without negative environmental consequences. 4.resources used to help other populations would not be available to help people who need assistance locally. 5.cultural change, including attitudes about family size, must come from within the culture to be accepted. 6.2

5. Reasons for having large families in many developing nations include all of the following. Which of the following is LEAST likely to be influenced by industrialization and technical innovations within the nation? 1.high rates of infant and childhood mortality 2.requirement for many children to assist during planting and harvest 3.low esteem for education, especially for girls 4.cultural mores and preferences for large families 5.limited availability of contraceptives 6.3

6. Reasons for having large families in many developing nations include all of the following. Which of the following is LEAST likely to be influenced by industrialization and technical innovations within the nation? 1.high rates of infant and childhood mortality 2.requirement for many children to assist during planting and harvest 3.low esteem for education, especially for girls 4.cultural mores and preferences for large families 5.limited availability of contraceptives 6.3

7. Many of the African nations south of the Sahara Desert face some of the gravest population problems today. In order to understand the reasons for these problems, it is important to remember that 1.African nations are highly diverse in language and culture. 2.African nations have ancient civilizations and rich histories. 3.many of the natural and human resources were forcibly removed from Africa during colonial times. 4.many African nations were exploited by Cold War politics and unjust politicians. 5.many African nations can be described by all of the above. 6.4

8. Many of the African nations south of the Sahara Desert face some of the gravest population problems today. In order to understand the reasons for these problems, it is important to remember that 1.African nations are highly diverse in language and culture. 2.African nations have ancient civilizations and rich histories. 3.many of the natural and human resources were forcibly removed from Africa during colonial times. 4.many African nations were exploited by Cold War politics and unjust politicians. 5.many African nations can be described by all of the above. 6.4

9. Millenium Development Goals 1.have been developed by the World Bank. 2.allow individual nations to identify their own priorities for assisting their populations. 3.identify large-scale projects that develop the infrastructure of developing nations. 4.are relatively uniform throughout the world. 5.are too broad in scope to be realistically achieved. 6.5

10. Millenium Development Goals 1.have been developed by the World Bank. 2.allow individual nations to identify their own priorities for assisting their populations. 3.identify large-scale projects that develop the infrastructure of developing nations. 4.are relatively uniform throughout the world. 5.are too broad in scope to be realistically achieved. 6.5

11. The nation that consistently donated the greatest dollar amount of development aid between 1990 and 2000 is 1.Netherlands 2.Japan 3.United Kingdom 4.Germany 5.France 6.6

12. The nation that consistently donated the greatest dollar amount of development aid between 1990 and 2000 is 1.Netherlands 2.Japan 3.United Kingdom 4.Germany 5.France 6.6

13. China’s population policies 1.use incentives and penalties to reduce population growth. 2.include payment for sterilization and abortion. 3.have reduced population growth, but have not been accepted within or outside China. 4.have resulted in more males than females. 5.are described by all of the above. 6.7

14. China’s population policies 1.use incentives and penalties to reduce population growth. 2.include payment for sterilization and abortion. 3.have reduced population growth, but have not been accepted within or outside China. 4.have resulted in more males than females. 5.are described by all of the above. 6.7

15. The Greenbelt Movement in Kenya 1.was judged a failure and abandoned. 2.has met with only limited success and has not been implemented elsewhere. 3.provided social and environmental benefits that have been copied elsewhere. 4.has stopped the threat of desertification. 5.was successful only because it included loans from the World Bank. 6.8

16. The Greenbelt Movement in Kenya 1.was judged a failure and abandoned. 2.has met with only limited success and has not been implemented elsewhere. 3.provided social and environmental benefits that have been copied elsewhere. 4.has stopped the threat of desertification. 5.was successful only because it included loans from the World Bank. 6.8

17. Why are many development efforts directed toward women and children? 1.Healthy women give birth to healthy children. 2.Women may be more inclined to use resources to benefit their children. 3.Empowering women may translate into reduced population growth. 4.They have limited opportunities in many societies. 5.All of the above are correct. 6.9

18. Why are many development efforts directed toward women and children? 1.Healthy women give birth to healthy children. 2.Women may be more inclined to use resources to benefit their children. 3.Empowering women may translate into reduced population growth. 4.They have limited opportunities in many societies. 5.All of the above are correct. 6.9

19. Which of the following is NOT true about the effect of HIV/AIDS in sub-Saharan Africa? 1.AIDS is now the leading cause of death in the region. 2.AIDS is primarily transmitted through heterosexual contact. 3.Many regions have lost farmers, teachers, doctors, and other professionals to this plague. 4.Both orphaned and infected children are the result of AIDS in Africa. 5.Compassionate societies should accept this as a solution to the population crisis. 6.10

20. Which of the following is NOT true about the effect of HIV/AIDS in sub-Saharan Africa? 1.AIDS is now the leading cause of death in the region. 2.AIDS is primarily transmitted through heterosexual contact. 3.Many regions have lost farmers, teachers, doctors, and other professionals to this plague. 4.Both orphaned and infected children are the result of AIDS in Africa. 5.Compassionate societies should accept this as a solution to the population crisis. 6.10