1. TCAP Review Lesson 17 Vocabulary Foldable (IX)
ACIDS AND BASES
TCAP Review Lesson 17
Vocabulary Foldable (IX)

2. ACID
A substance that releases hydrogen ions (H+) in solution

3. ION
An atom or group of atoms that has a positive or negative charge because it has lost or gained electrons

4. BASE
A substance that releases hydroxide ions (OH-) in solution

5. pH SCALE
Used to identify how acidic or basic a substance is

6. NEUTRAL
When a liquid has a pH of 7

7. Acids and Bases Notes p. 21
TCAP Lesson 17

8. Acid
A substance that releases hydrogen ions (H+) in solution, that is, when it is dissolved in water
Acids can easily be recognized by their chemical formula
Acids generally have formulas that start with H
Examples: HCl (hydrochloric acid, found in the human stomach) and H2SO4 (sulfuric acid, found in car batteries

9. Acid
Properties: taste sour, some are corrosive (nitric acid, sulfuric acid)
pH < 7
Release H+ ions
Turn blue litmus paper red
React with certain metals to produce hydrogen gas

10. Base Substance that releases hydroxide ions (OH-) in solution
Have chemical formulas that end in OH
Examples: NaOH (sodium hydroxide or lye used in drain cleaners) Ca(OH)2 (calcium hydroxide, used fertilizer)

11. Base Properties: taste bitter, feel slippery pH > 7
Release OH- ions
Turn red litmus paper blue

12. Properties of Both Acids and Bases
Can cause burns if concentrated; must be handled with care
Can conduct electricity when dissolved in water

13. pH Scale Used to identify how acidic and basic a substance is
Numbered from 0 to 14
Less than 7 is an acid (lower pH stronger the acid)
Higher than 7 is a base (higher pH stronger the base)
When pH is 7, substance is considered neutral

14. Indicators
Some substances that change color in the presence of an acid or a base
These substances are called indicators because they can be used to indicate whether an unknown solution is an acid or a base
Litmus paper is an example of an indicator

15. Acids and Bases HW p.20 TCAP Lesson 17
An unknown solution is tested using blue litmus paper. The blue litmus paper remains blue. What can be determined about the pH of the solution using this test?
The pH is greater than 8
The pH is less than 7
The pH is greater than 5.5
The pH is 5.5 or less

16. Acids and Bases HW p.20 TCAP Lesson 17
2. Which of these substances is a base? a. vinegar b. lemon juice c. water d. liquid soap

17. Acids and Bases HW p.20 TCAP Lesson 17
3. An unknown substance is dissolved in water. The solution is corrosive, conducts electricity, and has a higher concentration of H+ ions than OH- ions. What kind of solution does this substance form? a. an acidic solution b. a basic solution c. a neutral solution d. There is no way to tell whether it is an acid or a base.

18. Acids and Bases HW p.20 TCAP Lesson 17
4. What is the MOST LIKELY pH of lemonade? a. 10 b. 8 c. 7 d. 4