2. Infinitives and Gerunds

3. Think of sentences like human bodies

5. Definition Gerund A Verb that ends in –ING that works as a noun in a sentence How can it work as a noun? Subject Object (DO, IO, in a prep phrase) Complement (PN)

6. Definition Infinitive To + Verb Works as a noun OR an adverb in a sentence How can it work as a noun? Subject Object (DO, IO, in a prep phrase) Complement (PN) How can it work as an adverb? Answers WHY

7. Practice: Find the infinitive or gerund 1.Her favorite activity is swimming laps. 2.He likes running through the woods. 3.I don’t like to run when it’s hot. 4.It’s not hot outside if you are used to being in the heat. 5.Why don’t you want to come with us? 6.I want to go out to eat.

8. Gerund & Infinitive Phrases The gerund phrase is all the words in a sentence that go with the gerund verb (prep phrases, adj, adv) The infinitive phrase is all the words in a sentence that go with the infinitive verb (prep phrases, adj, adv)

9. Practice: Find the infinitive or gerund phrase 1.Her favorite activity is swimming laps. 2.He likes running through the woods. 3.I don’t like to run when it’s hot. 4.It’s not hot outside if you are used to being in the heat. 5.Why don’t you want to come with us? 6.I want to go out to eat.

10. Practice: find the infinitive or gerund phrase and how it is functioning 1.The teacher enjoys teaching her classes. 2.The students need to come to class on time. 3.Coming late results in losing participation points. 4.I bought a dog to keep me company. 5.I am not a big fan of watching movies.

11. When to use infinitives vs. when to use gerunds? For a subject, it sounds better to use a gerund Climbing trees is fun To climb trees is fun For a PN, it sounds better to use a gerund My favorite activity is swimming My favorite activity is to swim

12. When to use infinitives vs. when to use gerunds? For an object, it depends on the verb Gerunds go after some verbs Infinitives go after other verbs

13. Verbs that take infinitives as DO AgreeAsk Need ChoosePromise Remember ForgotDecide HopeWant LearnWould like

14. Verbs that take gerunds as DO AllowKeep DiscussPractice DislikeQuit EnjoyRemember FinishStop ImagineUnderstand

15. Verbs that can take gerunds or infinitives as DO Verbs of time Begin Continue Start Try Verbs of feeling Hate Like Love

16. Practice: finish the sentence 1.I want _____________________ 2.I don’t like ______________________ 3.The school doesn’t allow ______________________ 4.I forgot ______________________ 5.She keeps __________________ 6.He hasn’t started _____________________

17. Adding a person before the infinitive Ask someone to do something I asked her to clean her room. Want someone to do something I wanted him to eat all his veggies. Make someone do something I made her clean her room. Let someone do something I let her study until midnight. Help someone do something I helped you do your homework. In these infinitives, we lose the “TO”

18. Adding an infinitive after a feeling I am happy to be alive. I am excited to go to the concert I am nervous to take this test. I am nervous about taking this test.