1. Participial Phrases Consists of a participle (a verb form that can be used as an adjective) and any modifiers or complements. Consists of a participle (a verb form that can be used as an adjective) and any modifiers or complements. The entire phrase is used as an adjective. The entire phrase is used as an adjective. Eating his cupcake, the toddler sighed happily. Eating his cupcake, the toddler sighed happily.

2. Gerund Phrases Consists of a gerund (a verb form that ends in –ing and is used as a noun) and any modifiers or complements. Consists of a gerund (a verb form that ends in –ing and is used as a noun) and any modifiers or complements. The entire phrase is used as a noun. The entire phrase is used as a noun. My sister and her friends enjoy swimming at the beach. (D.O. of the verb enjoy) My sister and her friends enjoy swimming at the beach. (D.O. of the verb enjoy)

3. Infinitive Phrases Consists of an infinitive (formed from a verb—mostly beginning with to—that can be used as a noun, an adjective, or an adverb) Consists of an infinitive (formed from a verb—mostly beginning with to—that can be used as a noun, an adjective, or an adverb) Often, the best strategy is to forgive. Often, the best strategy is to forgive. To test effectively, pay attention in class. To test effectively, pay attention in class.

4. Identify the underlined phrase as participial, gerund, or infinitive. 1.Bicycling through the countryside is a favorite hobby of mine. 2.I enjoy the freedom to get around on my own. 3.I also ride my bike to school. 4.At 8:00 A.M., I am on my way, pedaling furiously.

5. Identify the underlined phrase as participial, gerund, or infinitive. 1.Bicycling through the countryside is a favorite hobby of mine. (gerund) 2.I enjoy the freedom to get around on my own. (infinitive) 3.I also ride my bike to school. (prepositional – remember, an infinitive phrase needs a verb.) 4.At 8:00 A.M., I am on my way, pedaling furiously. (participial)

6. Identify the underlined phrase as participial, gerund, or infinitive. 5.Neither rain nor heat not barking dogs keep me from riding my bike daily. 6.Three years’ worth of repairs attests to my good faith in the matter. 7.Nevertheless, I am trying to save enough money for an all-terrain bike.

7. Identify the underlined phrase as participial, gerund, or infinitive. 5.Neither rain nor heat not barking dogs keep me from riding my bike daily. (gerund) 6.Three years’ worth of repairs attests to my good faith in the matter. (preposition – no verb, remember) 7.Nevertheless, I am trying to save enough money for an all-terrain bike. (infinitive)

8. Find and identify the phrases in the following sentences. 1. At college, my sister tried again to master the art of swimming. 2. Swimming the length of the pool was one of the requirements for graduation. 3. To my sister, it was a difficult challenge. 4. She would jump into the pool with her friends standing by to cheer her on.

9. Find and identify the phrases in the following sentences. 1. At college, my sister tried again to master the art of swimming. (infinitive) 2. Swimming the length of the pool was one of the requirements for graduation. (gerund) 3. To my sister, it was a difficult challenge. (prepositional) 4. She would jump into the pool with her friends standing by to cheer her on. (infinitive)

10. Find and identify the phrases in the following sentences. 5. Despite her intentions, she never got farther than ten feet from the edge of the pool. 6. Nevertheless, she would try again, advancing and improving each time. 7. The instructor convinced her that swimming did not mean risking her life.

11. Find and identify the phrases in the following sentences. 5. Despite her intentions, she never got farther than ten feet from the edge of the pool. (prepositional) 6. Nevertheless, she would try again, advancing and improving each time. (participial) 7. The instructor convinced her that swimming did not mean risking her life. (gerund)