2. Prepared by ITH ESARA

3. Gerunds  A gerund is a form of verb + ing that takes the functions of a noun in a sentence. Examples of gerunds in a sentence Reading provides writers more ideas. Maline’s habit is snoring. Vun loves teaching. Reading is a GERUND used as a subject. Snoring is a GERUND used as a predicate nominative. Teaching is a GERUND used as a direct object.

4. Prepared by ITH ESARA Gerund Phrases  A gerund phrase is a gerund with modifiers or complements, all acting together as a noun. 1.Gerund + modifiers = Gerund phrase 1.1. Possessive adjectives with gerund Examples My writing is presented on the newspaper. We never listen to his boasting A gerund phrase as a subjectA gerund phrase as an object of a preposition

5. Prepared by ITH ESARA 1.2. Adjectives with gerund Loud reading makes me remember well. 1.3. Gerund with adverb Soledad's habit is speaking quickly. 1.4. Gerund with prepositional phrase I enjoy studying in a quiet room Gerund Phrases A gerund phrase as a subjectA gerund phrase as a predicate nominative A gerund phrase as a direct object

6. Prepared by ITH ESARA Gerund Phrases 2. Gerund + complements = Gerund phrase Complements NOTE: Not all of complements can be formed to be a gerund phrase. Only direct or indirect objects can be formed to be a gerund phrase. 1.Direct Objects 2.Indirect Objects 3.Objective Complements 4.Subjective Complements

7. Prepared by ITH ESARA Gerund Phrases 2.1. Gerund with direct object of the gerund Watching television is often boring. 2.2. Gerund with indirect object of the gerund Giving the poor money is not a good solution. gerund d.o. of gerund a GERUND PHRASE as a subject of the whole sentence gerundi.o. of gerundd.o. of gerund a GERUND PHRASE as a subject of the whole sentence

8. Prepared by ITH ESARA