1. World War II (1939-1941) Do Now : 1/26 & 1/27
Go to kahoot.it!!!!!!!!
US Involvement IN WWII

2. German “blitz” of Warsaw
War Erupts!!!
March Hitler breaks Munich agreement, invades rest of Czechoslovakia
August Hitler signs nonaggression pact with rival USSR, turns attention west
September 1, “blitzkrieg” invasion of Poland; Britain and France declare war on Germany
German “blitz” of Warsaw

3. British Prime Minister Winston Churchill
Hitler Moves in Europe
April Hitler seizes Norway, Denmark
May- Netherlands, Belgium, Luxembourg
By June, Hitler controls France, turns attention to Britain
Fall Battle of Britain
London heavily bombed but Churchill remains defiant
British Prime Minister Winston Churchill

4. The United States and Britain
1939- Roosevelt revises Neutrality Act, allows for arms trade
Public opinion divided
Election of FDR wins 3rd term
1940: Destroyers for Bases Deal
1941: Lend-Lease Act

5. The U.S. Enters the War
The “destroyers for bases” deal allowed the U.S. to extend its influence
August Atlantic Charter: Churchill and FDR agree to defend democracy, free trade and economic advancement
The U.S. destroyer Greer attacked in September 1941
US directly involved in naval warfare
USS Greer
Atlantic Charter

6. Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor
United States and Japan
Japan wanted to extend influence in Far East
July 1940: U.S. embargo of raw materials to Japan
1941: Lend-Lease aid to China
Anticipating attack in the Philippines
December 7, 1941: Japan attacks Pearl Harbor, Hawaii
Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor

7. FDR addresses Congress after Pearl Harbor attack
America Enters War
Pearl Harbor attack devastates nation
FDR: “A date which will live in infamy”
December 8, FDR receives war declaration from Congress against Japan
Germany, Italy declare war on United States
FDR addresses Congress after Pearl Harbor attack

8. Allied Military Strategy (1941-1945)

9. The Participants Allied Powers Axis Powers -Italy -Germany -Japan
-England
-Soviet Union (after German attack on June 22, 1941)
-France
-United States
Axis Powers
-Italy
-Germany
-Japan

11. War in Europe: Stalingrad
Germany had attacked Russia and Hitler wanted Stalingrad for the oil fields
Hitler would not admit defeat even though his troops were surrounded
Turning Point of War In Europe because it ended any plans Hitler had for domination in Europe

12. Battle of Britain
After Germany had successfully moved through France Hitler turned his focus to Great Britain
Hitler’s Luftwaffe(German Air Force) would battle the Royal Air Force (RAF)
Winston Churchill (Great Britain’s leader) would stop the German offensive on the western front

13. Allied Advances in Europe (1943-1944)
January, 1943: Allies agree to fight until they win “unconditional surrender”
February 1943: SU takes back Stalingrad and moves westward
Same time, Allied victory in Tunisia secures Africa

14. Operation Overlord (D-Day)
Allies plan to invade German occupied France to create two-front war for Germany led by General Dwight D. Eisenhower
D-Day: when Allies hit Germany on the beaches of Normandy (code name Omaha)
Now Germany fought a hopeless two front war with Allies closing in on Germany…this is why Germany lost the war

15. Allied Advancements Cont…
July 10, 1943: The invasion of Italy.
Fighting continues from July 1943 to June 1944 (70,000 Allied troops killed)
Separate peace was signed with new Italian government in September, 1943

16. Unconditional Surrender in Europe (1944-1945)
Britain and U.S. air raid strategic sights in Germany (Flying Fortresses)
June 6, 1944: D-Day and the Allied invasion of Normandy
Battle at Normandy lasted from June 6-July 24
August 25, 1944: France liberated

17. Germany’s Last Gasp Effort
Hitler was caught between Allied troops coming from the West and Stalin’s forces coming from the East.
December 1944: Battle of the Bulge – Last German offensive
April 25, 1945: Russia and Allied Forces meet at the Elbe River

18. YALTA CONFERENCE (February 1945)
Plans for German surrender
Stalin agrees to hold free elections and help with Japan
Broken promises, USSR’s position strengthened
Initiated Cold War
Churchill, Roosevelt, Stalin

19. V-E Day
With a loss at the Battle of the Bulge Allies forces were closing in on Germany & Hitler
Ends war in Europe

20. Internal Assessment Due Dates: B Day 2/2 A Day 2/3
Peer Review ~ Complete IA Checklist
Student / Teacher Conference

21. 1/28 & 1/29 Internal Assessment Due Dates
B Day 2/2 & A Day 2/3!!!!
IB Candidate # ~ WRITE IT DOWN!!!!
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GAME TIME

22. Japanese Strategy Three Phases
Phase I: Surprise attacks, then strategic defense.
Knock out US fleet; seize vital areas; establish defensive perimeter.
Phase II: Strengthen perimeter; make any offensive action by the US prohibitively costly.
Phase III: Defeat and destroy any forces that attempt to penetrate the perimeter.
Long US LOC and natural strength of defense should almost guarantee success.

24. Immediate cause of war in Pacific
US wants Japan out of China
1940 US bans exports of scrap iron to Japan
Japan must import raw materials to sustain war (heavily dependent on US)
Tripartite Pact
Germany, Italy, Japan- “New order”, come to defense
US gives loans to China, political parties eliminated in Japan
Japan divided
Attack USSR or South-east Asia? (Germany attacks USSR, so they go south)
Leads to US, Britain, Netherlands embargo
Japan will run out of oil= Pearl Harbor

25. Historical debate of Japan’s responsibility
Japan as aggressor
Japan as imperial power
Japan planned the war from 1930’s
Japan’s willingness to negotiate was a plan to keep enemy off guard
Aggressor- aim to conquer Asia
Japanese declaration of war blamed US
European style imperialism
Japan didn’t plan for war, just took too many risks
Japan was creating a sphere of influence (like US did in Latin America)
Japan fought a defensive war- triggered by US embargoes. They had to act

26. Allied Military Strategy in the Pacific (1941-1945)
By 1942, Japan had controlled almost the entire area of the Pacific
Allies were able to hold on to Hawaii and Samoa
“Active defense” campaign:
-Battle of the Coral Sea (May,1942)
-Battle of Midway (June, 1942)
-Battle of Guadalcanal (Aug Feb. 1943)

27. Island Hopping
American strategy in the Pacific of hopping from island to island on a steady path to Japan
Deadly process when Japanese kamikazes deliberately crash their planes into American ships
Like suicide bombers

28. The Pacific Theatre Cont…
The Allies took control of several islands in the Pacific under the leadership of General Douglas MacArthur
-Iwo Jima (1945)
-Okinawa (1945)
The recapture of the Philippines was the highlight (Oct March 1945)

29. The Atomic Bomb Ends the War
Albert Einstein split atoms and it created large amounts of energy…FDR creates the Manhattan Project (but bombs are tested in Arizona) to develop the atomic bomb for military use
led by J. Robert Oppenheimer not realizing its potential and future impact on war would be so devastating

30. “The Alternative to Surrender is Prompt and Utter Destruction”
August 6, 1945: Atomic bomb is dropped on Hiroshima (at least 75,000 killed)
August 9, 1945: Atomic bomb is dropped on Nagasaki

31. “The War is Over”
Japan surrenders to Allied Forces on the U.S. Missouri after the second bomb was dropped on Nagasaki- August 14th– V-J Day

32. WWII Meetings
Casablanca Conference: first meeting between Allies (GB and US) to discuss war strategies
Tehran Conference: 1st Big Three meeting on how to get Hitler to surrender
Potsdam Conference: meeting to discuss how to punish Germany and get Japan to surrender
Yalta Conference: end of war meeting on how to rebuild Europe and divide up Germany amongst Allies

33. The Big Three FDR for US, after he dies Harry Truman steps in.
Winston Churchill for Britain
Joseph Stalin for Soviet Union

34. THE COSTS OF THE WAR U.S. lost over 300,000
World suffered at least 60 million
Over 25 million Russians alone died
Over 10 million in death camps
New fears arise after the war– fight to contain Communism– THE COLD WAR ERA!!

35. Next Class Quiz on all of WWII Causes & Effects
Major Battle Campaigns of World War II
Homework assignment!!!
Internal Assessment
Questions / Conferences
Get working
I WILL NOT ACCEPT DONE INCORRECTLY!!!
MUST BE PRINTED BEFORE CLASS!!!!!!!!!!!!!

36. Exit Ticket
What was a key victory for the Allies in Europe to stop Hitler’s advances along the eastern front?
What was the US strategy in the Pacific to defeat the Japanese?
What was the Yalta Conference?
What was the Potsdam Conference?
Manhattan Project?
Why did the US choose to use the atom bomb?