1. POISONS Petra Doušová Petra Palíková

2. What is a poison?  poisons are substances that can cause injury, illness or death to organism, usually by chemical reaction or other activity on the molecular scale  they can be guled, inhaled, soaked up through skin or eye  poisoning was used as a method of assassination, murder, suicide and execution

3. The best known poisons  strychnine  hemlock  belladonna  digitalis

4. Strychnine  Strychnine is a complicated steroid alkaloid, which is a common occurrence in the stockes plants which is a common occurrence in the stockes plants  it is one of the most bitter substances  it is a typical spastic poison  It can be proved in the dead body a long time after death  strychnine intoxication has two stages - in the first stage sense become very active - in the first stage sense become very active - second stage is a spastic attack, which takes from one to two minutes - second stage is a spastic attack, which takes from one to two minutes

5. Pozitive  raticide  For support of appetite  treat muscular slackness  for support of breathing and blood circulation  For stimulation of respiration at intoxication hemlock  It iacts as an antitoxin at intoxication by hypnotic drug (barbiturate).

6. Hemlock  It is virulent plant  During withering and tabescenting stinks mousy smell  All plants include alkaloids: conine, n-methyl-conine, conhydrine, pseudoconhydrine,conicein and many others  hemlock was one of poisons which had been used at executions  hemlock was evidently part of poisons, which caused the death of Sokrates  The most toxic and effective item of strychine is conine

7. positive  hemlock was used in medicine and medicable ( calmative, analgetic or spasmolyticum)

8. belladonna   Is one of the most poisonous plants in the Central Europe   All parts of the plant are toxic, because of high concentration of tropanic alkaloids   Man can intoxicate by consummation of berries or over goat's milk or goat’s meat, if goats eat this plant. Lethal dose are 3 berries(for small children)and about 10 berries (for adult)

9. positive   atropine drops for eye medicine

10. digitalis  Toxic plant   You can make a tea from this herb, but it may be a little bit dangerous, because you must know the amount of the leaves exactly.Only one leaf in addition can cause disorders of sight and heart rythm or death finally.

11.   preparation of infusions and tinctures   chemically clean glucoside are isolated for preparation of medicaments   it cures heart condition and depression

12. Poisoners and oblations  Poison has been a powerful „arm“ from antiquity to now  It was used by women and also men  The most popular poison was belladonna, because it was easy accessible  The oblations were emperor Augustus and emperor Klaudius  The noted poisoners: pope Alexander VI Lucrecia Borgia Lucrecia Borgia Katerina Medicejska Katerina Medicejska

13.  In this time we can refer to the prezident Juščenko

14. vocabulary  Injury-zranění  Scale- měřítko  Distinguished- významný  Venom-poison-jed  Assassination-atentát  Suicide- sebevražda  Target- určitý, daný, cílený  Regarded- považován  Belladonna rulík  Hemlock-bolehlav  Digitalis- náprstník

15. Thank you for your attention