1. Sexually Transmitted Diseases
HIV/AIDS

2. What is a Sexually Transmitted Infection or STI?
STI’s are infections that are spread from __________ to ____________ through intimate sexual contact.
STI’s are dangerous because they are easily spread and it is hard to tell just by looking who has an STI.
_______________________________________________ has an STI.

3. MYTHS OF STDs True or False
Most people with an STD experience painful symptoms.
Birth control pills prevent the spread of STDs.
Douching will cure and STD.
Abstinence is the best way to prevent STDs.
If you get an STD once, and are treated, you can’t get it again.
A person does not need to see a doctor if she/he notices scores on his/her genitals once, but then they go away.
Condoms help prevent the spread of STDs

4. Prevention is the Key
__________________, or not having oral, vaginal or anal sex, is the best way to protect yourself.
It is possible to get an STD even without having intercourse through skin-to-skin contact.

5. Common STI’s Chlamydia Gonorrhea Genital Herpes (HSV-2)
Genital Warts (HPV)
Hepatitis B
HIV and AIDS
Pubic Lice
Syphilis
Trichomoniasis

6. How do I know if I have an STI?
Most people who have an STI have ________ _______________. A test from your health care provider or local health clinic may be the only way to tell for sure if you're infected.
If you do become _____________, symptoms may appear right away. Or, they may not show up for weeks or months or even years. They may come and go. Even if the signs and symptoms _______________, you can still infect other people if you have sex with them. Or, they can still infect you!

7. Common Symptoms for Girls
Some symptoms you may have are:
Sores, bumps or blisters near your genitals, anus (butt hole) or mouth
________________________________________________________________________
Itching, bad smell or unusual discharge from your vagina or anus (butt hole)
_____________ (pain in your lower abdomen)
Bleeding from your vagina between your menstrual periods
Remember: Sometimes symptoms don't show up _____________________________________

8. Common Symptoms for Guys
Some symptoms you may have are:
Sores, bumps or blisters near your genitals, anus (butt hole) or mouth
Burning or pain when you urinate (pee)
Drip or ________________ from your penis
____________________________________________________________________________
Remember: Sometimes symptoms don't show up for weeks or months.

9. STDs
STDs are diseases and infections which are capable of being spread from person to person through:
_________________________________
oral-genital contact or in _____________________ ways.
IV drug

10. Concepts of Fitness and Wellness 6e
McGraw Hill -
Types of STD's
Viral
Bacterial
Discuss the two primary types of STD’s. Rates of bacterial STD’s have been declining in recent years but the rates of viral STD’s (particularly HIV) has been on the rise. Remind the students that there are cures for most bacterial STD’s (antibiotics) but not for viral ones.
Concepts of Fitness and Wellness 6e
Concept 23 3

11. Symptoms
What are the symptoms? How would I know if I have been infected?
Sores (either painful or painless)
______________________________
Burning sensation when urinating
Rashes
______________________
__________________________
Warts
___________________ discharge

12. Chlamydia _________________ new cases occur each year
SYMPTOMS: fever, weight loss for no reason, swollen glands, fatigue, diarrhea, white spots on the mouth.
FEMALE SYMPTOMS:
Vaginal discharge (white or grey) or burning with
urination
Lower abdominal pain
Bleeding between menstrual periods.
______________________________(later symptom)
MALE SYMPTOMS:
Discharge from the penis and/or burning when urinating
______________ and __________________around the opening of the penis
Pain and swelling in the testicles
Low –grade fever (associated with epididymitis –
inflammation of the testicles)

13. Sexually Transmitted Diseases: Chlamydia
Concepts of Fitness and Wellness 6e
McGraw Hill -
Sexually Transmitted Diseases: Chlamydia
Cause:
Cure:
Risk:
Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID)
Heart damage
Arthritis
Chlamydia is a bacterial STD that can be treated with antibiotics
Concepts of Fitness and Wellness 6e
Concept 23 12

14. Gonorrhea
Each year approximately ___________________ in the United States are infected with gonorrhea
People get gonorrhea from close sexual contact (anal sex, oral sex., and vaginal).
Gonorrhea can also be spread from _______________________________________
Gonorrhea infection can spread to other unlikely parts of the body

15. Sexually Transmitted Diseases: Gonorrhea
Concepts of Fitness and Wellness 6e
McGraw Hill -
Sexually Transmitted Diseases: Gonorrhea
Cause:
Cure:
Risk:
Gonorrhea is a common bacterial STD that can be treated with antibiotics
Concepts of Fitness and Wellness 6e
Concept 23 9

16. Symptoms of Gonorrhea
Appear 5-7 days or can take up to 30 days to appear
sore or red throat if you have gonorrhea in the throat from oral sex
rectal pain
blood and pus in ________________ if you have gonorrhea in therectum from anal sex.

17. FEMALE SYMPTOMS:
Symptoms may show up 2-21 days after having sex
May notice a yellow or white discharge from the vagina
May be a burning or pain when urinating
Bleeding between periods
Heavier and more painful periods
Cramps or pain in the lower abdomen, sometimes with nausea or fever
MALE SYMPTOMS:
Yellow or white drip/discharge from penis
Burning or pain when urinating
Frequent urinating
Swollen testicles

18. _________________
The long range effects can be very serious, including death.
In the United States, an estimated _______________ ____________ of syphilis in adults
passed from person to person through direct contact with a syphilis sore
Sores mainly occur on the external genitalia, vagina, anus, or rectum. Sores can also occur on the lips and in the mouth.
Transmission of the organism occurs during ______________________________________________

19. Sexually Transmitted Diseases: Syphilis
Concepts of Fitness and Wellness 6e
McGraw Hill -
Sexually Transmitted Diseases: Syphilis
Cause:
Cure:
Risk:
Syphilis is a bacterial STD
Concepts of Fitness and Wellness 6e
Concept 23 10

20. Symptoms – _______________
Symptoms usually appear days after contact.
An infected person gets a sore (chancre), which may be
painful at the point of contact (mouth, anus, rectum, throat or the sex organ).
The chancre is usually firm, round, small, and painless. It appears at the spot where the bacterium entered the body.
The chancre lasts _____________________________.
This will disappear on its own, but may last 4-6 weeks.
In the female, the chancre is often internal and cannot be seen.

21. Secondary Stage lasts ________________.
After the chancre comes a copper-colored skin rash which may appear on the palms of the hands, soles of the feet, or in more severe cases covers the entire body.
The _________ may be accompanied by _______________________________, loss of appetite, or loss of hair in spots over the scalp.

22. Third Stage – __________ Period
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
If not received treatment the bacterium remains in the body and begins to damage the internal organs including the brain, nerves, eyes, heart, blood vessels, liver,
bones, and joints.

23. Fourth Stage - Tertiary
The results of the internal damage from the 3rd stage shows up many years later.
______, twenty, even ___________ after the initial infection - sudden heart attack, failure of vision, loss of ______________________________________________________________________________________________________

24. __________ Symptoms usually show ________ days after contact.
May be extremely painful or very mild.
“outbreaks” of blisters and ulcers.
Once infected with HSV, people remain infected for life.
Stress, bruising, chaffing, or a woman’s period may cause an onset of the disease.
FEMALE SYMPTOMS:
________________________________________________________________________________________
MALE SYMPTOMS:
_________________________________________.

25. Sexually Transmitted Diseases: Genital Herpes
Concepts of Fitness and Wellness 6e
McGraw Hill -
Sexually Transmitted Diseases: Genital Herpes
Cause:
Cure:
Risk:
Herpes is a viral STD that can go in and out of remission
Concepts of Fitness and Wellness 6e
Concept 23 11

26. Genital Warts / Veniral Warts
____________ that appear on the vagina or penis, near the anus, and sometimes in the throat.
They are caused by viruses and spread through sexual contact.
The virus that causes genital warts is spread by vaginal or anal intercourse and by oral sex.
Warts may appear within several weeks after sex with a person who has HPV; or they may take months or years to appear; or they may never appear.
A person can be infected and pass on the virus without knowing it.
Approximately ____________________ of sexually transmitted _______ (one third of all new STDs) occur in the U.S. each year, with at least 20 million people currently infected.
__________________ Americans between the ages of 15 and 49 have been infected with genital HPV in their lifetimes.

27. Symptoms
Usually the warts look like _______________________, but sometimes they are flat.
The warts may cause ______________________________________ but often don’t cause any pain at all.
Warts may be inside the vagina or on the cervix, or in the rectum or throat, so you might not notice them.
They might also be so small that you cannot see them.

28. ______________________
Pubic lice are called “__________” because they look like crabs.
Crabs are frequently the color and size of small freckles. These very small lice (crabs) usually attack the sexual (pubic) areas of the body.
Found under arms, eyelashes, moustaches.
Spread through direct physical contact. ______________________________________________________________________________
SYMPTOMS: A terrible, persisting itch in the genital, rectal (sexual) area.

29. _____________________
An estimated 5 million new cases occur each year in women and men.
Occurs in vagina of women so may be sexually transmitted to men using infected washcloths and towels.
It is transmitted to the baby during delivery.
It also can occur in the urethra (carries urine to penis) in men, doesn’t have symptoms usually.
SYMPTOMS:
Appear within 5 to 28 days of exposure
Women usually have a vaginal discharge that
FEMALE SYMPTOMS:
Itching and burning at the outside of the opening of the
vagina and vulva.
Painful and frequent urination
Heavy, unpleasant smelling greenish, yellow discharge
MALE SYMPTOMS:
Usually nothing, or discomfort in urethra, inflamed head of the penis.

30. Candidiasis – ________________
Yeast fungus that may or may not be transmitted by sexual intercourse.
Caused by high doses of antibiotics. It is usually caused by altering the Ph of the vagina.
SYMPTOMS:
___________________________________________________________________________

31. ___________________ Hepatitis is a disease of the liver.
Hepatitis B is transmitted person to person through blood and body fluids.
There is _______________ for the virus after it has been contracted.
The only treatment is prevention:
Abstain from sex
Always use latex condoms
Avoid contact with other people’s blood
Get immunized

32. HIV
_____________________________________________________________________
Sharing drug needles and syringes

33. HIV and AIDS
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
AIDS is caused by ______ (Human immunodeficiency virus).
HIV destroys the body’s defense system (the ___________ system).
Thousands of teens in the U.S. become infected each year.

34. How do you get HIV?
HIV can be transmitted from an infected person to another person through blood, semen, vaginal fluids, and breast milk.
People who have another STD are at higher risk for contracting HIV during sex with infected partners.

35. How do people know they have HIV?
Many people do not know they have it.
Symptoms may not appear for up to _________________
Some people may feel and look healthy for years while they are infected with HIV.
It is possible to ___________ others with ________, even if the person has absolutely no symptoms.

36. Symptoms of AIDS Extreme weakness and fatigue _________________
Frequent fevers with not explanation
____________________________________
Swollen lymph glands
Minor infections that cause skin rashes and mouth, genital, and anal sores.
White spots in the mouth or throat
_______________
A cough that won’t go away
Short-term memory loss

37. Recent Developments with AIDS
Concepts of Fitness and Wellness 6e
McGraw Hill -
Recent Developments with AIDS
Spread of HIV infections has slowed in most countries
Recent medications have been more successful in suppressing the virus
AIDS has dropped out of the _____ ______ causes of death in the U.S. to _______.
AIDS is in the top 10 causes of death and is one of the leading causes in younger adults. It is caused by the HIV virus which is not presently cureable.
Concepts of Fitness and Wellness 6e
See “On the Web” 23-2 for more info on treatments
Concept 23 5

38. Concepts of Fitness and Wellness 6e
McGraw Hill -
HIV transmission
Spread by contact with body fluids (blood, semen, vaginal fluid, breast milk)
Concentrations too low in sweat and saliva
HIV can only be transmitted via body fluids. Concentrations are too low in sweat and saliva for transmission. The HIV virus is much weaker than the common cold and cannot live outside the human body.
Click for info from the Centers for Harvard AIDS Institute
Concepts of Fitness and Wellness 6e
Concept 23 6

39. What Happens if I don’t get treated?
If you have an STD and don’t get treatment you can have some long-term effects such as:
_____________ (Unable to have babies)
Cancer
Long-term pain
Can pass disease from ________________
___________

40. Conclusion
________________________________________________________________________________
The ONLY way to prevent STI’s is to abstain from ALL types of sexual intercourse.
Forms of sexual protection ________________ always protect you from STI’s such as HSV-2, HPV, and Pubic Lice.

41. Prevention
Abstinence
Visit your doctor
Always look
Keep clean!

42. Remember:
____________________________________________________________________each year – some of which have no cure, are a leading cause of cervical cancer or can even lead to infertility.