1. Continentality & Climate Understand how continentality affects climate Ch. 4P. 69-73 Continental Coastal or Marine

2. Continental vs. Marine Continental refers to locations located inland away from the ocean or sea. Marine refers to areas located near the oceans or sea. Areas closer to the ocean are affected by the oceans differently during different seasons/times of the year.

3. Define the term temperature Range Temperature range = the difference between the highest and the lowest average monthly temperatures of a region. Large or high temperature range = extremes of temperature, hot summer cold winter. Small or low temperature range = moderated temperature, warm summer, cool winter

4. Did You Know? That Newfoundland’s annual temperature range is 20 o C. (Environment Canada) In comparison, Winnipeg's is 38.9 and Vancouver's is 14.8.

5. Analyze the relationship between range of temperature and distance to the ocean. P. 69 As distance from the ocean increases, summer temperatures are higher. As distance from the ocean increases winter temperatures are lower THE RESULT: –As distance from the ocean increases, annual temperature range increases (larger). Continental climates experience greater extremes of temperature than coastal climates at the same latitude

6. Hot summers & colder winters (high /extreme) Warm summers & cool winters (low / moderate)

7. Continentality…for real The plains region of Saskatchewan, –c–continental climate. –w–winter temperatures are very cold. –s–summer temperatures are fairly hot. Coastal Newfoundland –M–Marine/maritime climate. –w–winter temperatures would be very mild. –s–summer temperatures would be warm but NOT HOT!

8. Climate Graphs 1 of 3 When is it warmer? (summer) When is it colder (winter) Where is it? Northern, Southern, Equator? When is it dryer? When is it wetter?

9. Climate Graphs 2 of 3 When is it warmer? (summer) When is it colder (winter) Where is it? Northern, Southern, Equator? When is it dryer? When is it wetter?

10. Climate Graphs 3 of 3 When is it warmer? (summer) When is it colder (winter) Where is it? Northern, Southern, Equator? When is it dryer? When is it wetter?

11. Climate Graphs…cont’d Where would this location be? How would you describe the climate for this area?

12. Where would this location be? How would you describe the climate for this area?

13. Where? Hemisphere? Near water? Seasons? Summer Winter Dry Wet Temperatures? Range? Warm, Cold etc.? Precipitation? Dry Wet

14. Alice Springs, Australia Montreal, Canada Georgetown, Guyana Bombay, India

15. Define “Monsoon” p. 70 SEASONAL change in wind Tropical Regions Wet / Windy Versus Dry / Windy Where is the wind coming from? (land or ocean?) Equator Monsoons

17. India’s Winter Monsoon Continental Asia cools (LAND in comparison to the ocean) HIGH atmospheric pressure results over the land Wind blows from the HIGH towards the LOW over INDIAN OCEAN Very little rain; DRY WIND from the land (Dry Monsoon) L H

19. India’s Summer Monsoon L H Continental Asia HEATS UP (LAND in comparison to….the ocean) LOW atmospheric pressure results over the land Wind blows from HIGH towards the LOW over India HEAVY RAIN & Winds blowing from Indian Ocean (WET MONSOON)