1. Production, Planning & Design in Science Communication

2. Role of production in planning  Preliminary Costing  Suggesting a suitable Size and Typhography  Suggesting a suitable Paper and Paper size  Decide the mode of Printing and Binding  Estimation and Costing  Prepare an Activity schedule  Checking and marking figure for printing  Copy Editing  Actual handling of publication

3. Preliminary Costing Elements of the preliminary costing  Size of Book  Tentative numbers of pages in book  Paper to be used  Quantity ( number of copiesrequired)  Photographs and illustrations- colour/B&W  Delivery of printed books etc.  Text supplied are camera ready pages or to be formatted More the copies printed cheaper the unit cost

4. Size and Typhography For suggesting size and typhography the following points to be focused, 1.The type of content, 2.Its readership and 3.The economic aspect. Some different kind of books:  Childeren’s book, School Text/ Reference books  Popular Science Book, Novels and Fictions  Annual Reports, Scholary Publications Research journals, Abstracts, Monographs etc.  Encyclopedias, Dictionaries etc.

5. Paper and Paper Size Commonly used Papers  Coated papers: Art paper, Glossy paper matfinish paper (Used for costly books)  Non coated papers: maplitho and Offset printing papers for cheaper publications  News printing paper: cheap paper for news paper there are coated newsprint for colour printing

6. Qualities for good printing paper  Uniformity in sheet (Smoothness and bulk)  Even sidness in finish and colour.  Free from looseness on surface.  Good strength (tensile and folding)  Sufficient degree of opacity  Good sizing (balanced ink absorptionand drying)  Non fading characteristic ( pH 5.5)  Well closed formation (Even distribution of fibers)

7. Imposition, plate making, printing and Binding Imposition: The single page positive of the final pages are placed on a transparent sheet with layout sheet below for mark up size of the book. Types of Binding.  Paper back  Centre stitching  Side stapling with saddle cover  Section sewing  Hard bound  Perfect binding

8. Estimation and Costing  Estimation: It is basically a technique for assessing the sale price of a job, it is also called advance costing because costing is done before the job has been undertaken.  Costing on the other hand,is the the technique of finding the actual by nature as is done after the job is completed to the customer.It is the analysis of the working of the plan.

9. The printing of books generally involves following technical activities.  Copy editing  Designing of the text and cover and preparation of Art Work.  Formatting of the pages as per the pre-decided layout  Scanning of photographs  Proof Reading  Outputting of the formatted pages along with all the picture and tables (colour Separation)  Plate Making  Printing  Binding and  Paper Cost

10. Role of Production in Designing & Printing When the edited text along with soft copy enters the Production Department the process of copy Preparation/editing starts which is the first most important step for the transformation of the manuscript into Printed Book. Step Undertaken by Production Department are: 1.Copy Preparation The edited text at this stage is called “copy". If copy is prepared well, a good foundation is established for the rest of the production process to follow.

11. Copy preparation & editing a)To ensure:  The text is complete and consistent.  Numbering is correct.  Text is free from spelling and grammatical errors.  Uniform style (house style,if any) is maintained in the text for items that appear more than once (e.g. dates, titles, abbreviations, footnotes, and presentation of quotations from other authors etc.

12. For giving instruction for defining:  The print area for the book on the 1 st page of the hard copy  Typographical making for text,tables and captions.  Spacing: above &blow headings, figures, tables at beginning of every chapter Etc.  Guideline matter for the book to be given at the top of every page.  Tabular matter setting and footnotes at proper place.  Marking illustrations for size and their placement of the nearest to the reference in the text.  Checking colour photograph for best quality i.e. with good contrast, brightness, clarity and without scratches for the best production.

13. Proofreading Accurate proofreading and clear marking of corrections are indispensable requisites to the production of a quality book.  Make all necessary corrections using proofreader’s mark  Always make backup copy of the proof

14. Thanks