1. Judaism and Islam

2. Judaism -it is the first monotheistic religion (only worship one god)
-main book/writings is the Old Testament (First half of the Christian bible). The Torah-first 5 books of Old Testament
-follow the 10 commandments given to Moses
-get to heaven by following Jewish teachings

3. -Israel has the largest concentration of Jews in the world
-40% Jews live in U.S.
-40% Jews live in Israel

4. -Jews eat kosher food
-certain foods cannot be eaten such as pork, vegetables and fruit that have bugs in it, wine or grape juice (because it used to be used in idol worship)
-other foods need to be prepared a certain way. Ex. A kosher butcher is going to chop up the animal and drain the blood a certain way in a certain amount of time

5. Islam

6. -primarily located in the Middle East/North Africa
-established around 600 A.D.
-a man named Mohammed believed he had a vision from God telling him to convert the arabic people
-he did exactly that and the religion of Islam spread
-Mohammed is greatly revered by Muslims and he is the main prophet of Islam
-Muslim- person that practices Islam
-Allah- god of Islam
-Qur’an-the holy book
-Mecca- the holiest city to
Muslims
-they believe you get to heaven
by followings the teachings of
Islam

8. -5 Pillars of Islam are the main duties for Muslims that they must follow
1- Faith- There is no God but Allah and Muhammad is his Prophet (Muhammad is the founder of Islam)
2-Prayer-pray 5 times a day facing Mecca(more specifically, they face the kaaba)

9. 3-Charity-help the poor
4- Fasting- won’t eat or drink during holy month of Ramadan
5-Pilgrimage to Mecca-all Muslims expected to go there once in their life

10. Kaaba- believed to have been built by Abraham as a place of worship

11. -the two main branches or sects of Islam are Sunni and Shia (a Shiite is someone who practices the Shia branch of Islam
-the creation of these two branches goes back hundreds of years and was over who should take over and rule the Muslim nation after Mohammed’s death
Sunni- believed the next leader should be elected from people who were capable of leading the nation (which is what happened)
-majority of Muslims in the world are Sunni (about 85%)
Shia- believed someone from Mohammed’s family should take over
-Iran and Iraq are primary shiite

12. -over the years more differences have grown such as interpreting the Qur’an differently