1. Types of Drawings University of Palestine Eng. Nagham Ali Hasan
College of Applied
Engineering & Urban Planning
Department of Architecture, Interior Design & Planning
Building construction “1” (EAGD2101)
Types of Drawings
Eng. Nagham Ali Hasan
1st lecture- 2nd week
1st semester-2009

2. Types of Drawings: Engineering drawings Architectural drawings
Technical drawings
As built drawings
Shop drawings

3. bridges, highways, and dams.
Types of Drawings:
Engineering drawing:
Definition   :A schematic representation of a building, object, or component made according to defined conventions and projected to serve in the construction or fabrication of the thing depicted.
Engineering drawings are frequently used to describe public works projects, such as :
bridges, highways, and dams.

4. Types of Drawings: Architectural drawing
Definition   A sketch, diagram, plan, or schematic used to design, construct, and document buildings and other structures.
The drawings may be used to indicate the overall appearance, inside or outside the structure, or they may be used to indicate precise measurements and other details for construction. Drawings, especially those for construction purposes, may be issued as a set, with different sheets indicating different types of construction (electrical, mechanical, plumbing).

5. Types of Drawings: As-built drawing
Definition   Architectural drawings that reflect changes made during the construction process, recording differences between the original design and the completed structure.
As-built drawings are based on design drawings used during construction, where measured drawings are usually made long after construction is completed and no design drawings exist

6. Types of Drawings: Technical drawing:
Definition   A graphic using lines and symbols that follows specific conventions of scale and projection, typically used in architecture, construction, engineering, or mapping

7. Types of Drawings: A shop drawing:
Definition   It is a drawing or set of drawings produced by the contractor, supplier, manufacturer, subcontractor, or fabricator.
Shop drawings are typically required for pre-fabricated components. Examples of these include: elevators, structural steel, trusses, pre-cast, windows, appliances, cabinets, air handling units and millwork.

8. Shop drawings are not produced by architects and engineers under their contract with the owner. The shop drawing is the manufacturer’s or the contractor’s drawn version of information shown in the construction documents. The shop drawing normally shows more detail than the construction documents. It is drawn to explain the fabrication of the items to the manufacturer’s production crew. The style of the shop drawing is usually very different from that of the architect’s drawing.

9. Architectural Drawings

10. Architectural Drawings
Architectural Drawings used for:
Building elements seen in true size, shape, orientation . ”scale”
Describe form & construction of building component.
It is the base drawings for other construction works.” electrical, sewage, mechanical…”

11. Preparing the architectural drawings:
Site plan
Plans
Elevations
Sections

12. Preparing the architectural drawings:
The site plan: is a view looking down at a building from above, illustrating its location & orientation on a plot land & providing information about the site’s topography, landscaping utilities ,and site work.
The importance of site plan:
It illustrates the existing natural & built features.

13. Preparing the architectural drawings:
The floor plan: is a view looking down/ a horizontal plane is cut through a building from above about 1.5m, illustrating it’s the horizontal dimensions of a building spaces, the thickness & construction of vertical walls & columns that define these spaces.
The importance of plans:
Define the spaces & its functional relationship.
Illustrates places of openings (doors- windows).
Finishing.
Entrance (main- secondary)

14. Preparing the architectural drawings:
Utilities (stairs- elevators- mechanical room- baths- stores….)
Structural system:
R.C, steel, bearing walls…
Columns, beams,…
Thickness of walls (exterior & interior)
Measurement and cost (quantity survey)

15. Preparing the architectural drawings:
The building section: is a vertical pane cut through a building.
Or: it is a drawing of interior & exterior partitions and roofs and ground floor in addition of interior elevations seen beyond the plane of cut.
The importance of The building section:
Illustrate building construction.
Technical implementation (precast- prestress…).
Types of slab (roof plate) solid slab, hollow block, flat slab…).
Building material (block, stone, concrete,…).
Height of the building and levels.
Details and finishing.
Measurements.

16. Preparing the architectural drawings:
Building elevations: is views of a building’s exterior perpendicular to the principle vertical surfaces.
The importance of The building section:
Finishing
Openings
Size, shape , materials of exterior surfaces
Size proportion
Heights of the building
Measurements

17. The Elements Responsible for implementing the Architectural Projects

18. The Elements Responsible for implementing the Architectural Projects
The owner
(consultant)
contractor
Supervisor staff

19. The owner Who is the owner: The owner decide the:
Ordinary
Considerable
The owner decide the:
The type- style- budget
The owner responsibility:
Funding collaboration with other parties
Feasibility studies

20. The consulting engineering firm (consultant)
Scope of his work:
Feasibility studies
Project design
Work documents
Tendering issues
Sketches
Primary design preparation
Preparing plans for implementation
Document of general & specification conditions
Survey of quantities
Schedule (time table)
Supervise the project
submission
As built drawings

21. Types of plans for implementation according to specialization
Architectural plans
Structural plans
Complementary plans
plans
column axis
sanitation
elevations
foundations
mechanics
sections
roofs
electricity
details
structural details
Special works

22. The Contractor The role of the contractor: Study the bid
Suggest the prices for implementing the project
Prepare “Survey quantities”
Cooperate with the consultant
Save the technical staff & labor.
Prepare “Time table approval”.
Save “Safety measurement”.

23. Supervisor staff Continues Supervision Office engineer
Coordinate with other parties

24. Steps of architectural projects preparation
Site preparation
Land marking & determining levels of digging
3. Batter board
4. Building material delivery
5. Concrete skeleton implementation
6.Building & finishing works
7. Landscaping
8. Site submission

25. and we See you in the studio
Have a rest for 15 min.
and we See you in the studio
Thank you