1. Topography-The Physical Features And impact on human development

2. Plateau

3. Archipelago

4. Delta

5. Cape

6. Gulf

7. Tributary

8. Isthmus

9. Strait

10. European Mountains Pyrenees divide but do not isolate Alps - highest range, central southern Europe Apennines, Dinaric, Balkans, Carpathians do not isolate Kjolen Mts. Borders: Caucasus and Urals Irregular Coast and Navigable Rivers lessen isolation

11. Latin American Mountains The Andes Altiplano Sierra Madres Central Mexican Plateau

12. VERTICAL CLIMATE At Sea Level, Tropical Fruits and Crops Grown Temperate Vegetables, Coffee at higher zone Cold Zone: Potatoes Vertical Climate allows a variety of goods and trade among regions.

13. Middle East-Desert and Plateaus TURKEY: THE ANATOLIAN PLATEAU THE IRANIAN PLATEAU (dry) Saudi “Empty Quarter” Most Live Near Fertile Crescent, Nile, or Coast.

14. Africa:Vast Plateau, Poor Soil ATLAS MOUNTAINS DRAKENSBURG MOUNTAINS RUWENZORI Mts. GREAT RIFT VALLEY Rivers do not unite continent

15. Deserts Isolate People = little Cultural diffusion Few Resources Buffer Zone Little to no arable land

16. ISOLATION The Andes isolate Chile from Argentina and slowed their wars The Chinese and Indians have developed separate cultures due to their isolation

17. How do mountains affect people? Isolate people – create borders – STOP CULTURAL DIFFUSION!!!! Lack arable (Farming) land Natural Defense (Buffer Zone) Separate people (Balkans in Europe) Colder due to vertical climate (lower population)