1. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 2.0 UK: England & Wales License Inorganic Compounds- nomenclature University of Lincoln presentation

2. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 2.0 UK: England & Wales License INORGANIC COMPOUNDS Compounds composed of elements other than carbon.Compounds composed of elements other than carbon. Associated with the nonliving portion of the worldAssociated with the nonliving portion of the world

3. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 2.0 UK: England & Wales License NOMENCLATURE OF INORGANIC COMPOUNDS Ionic CompoundsIonic Compounds Molecular CompoundsMolecular Compounds AcidsAcids

4. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 2.0 UK: England & Wales License NAMING IONIC COMPOUNDS 1.CATIONS ( POSITIVE IONS) A. Cations formed from metal atoms have the same name as the metal. Na + sodium ionZn 2+ zinc ion Al 3+ aluminum ion

5. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 2.0 UK: England & Wales License B. If a metal can form cations of different charges, the positive charge is given by a Roman numeral in parenthesis following the name of the metal. Fe 2+ iron (II) ionCu + copper (I) ion Fe 3+ iron (III) ionCu 2+ copper (II) ion

6. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 2.0 UK: England & Wales License Ions with different charges exhibit different properties, such as color.Ions with different charges exhibit different properties, such as color. Most of the metals that have variable charges are transition metals.Most of the metals that have variable charges are transition metals.

7. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 2.0 UK: England & Wales License Apply –ous or –icApply –ous or –ic The endings represent the lower and higher charged ions, respectively.The endings represent the lower and higher charged ions, respectively. Fe 2+ ferrous ionCu + cuprous ion Fe 2+ ferrous ionCu + cuprous ion Fe 3+ ferric ionCu 2+ cupric ion Fe 3+ ferric ionCu 2+ cupric ion

8. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 2.0 UK: England & Wales License IONIC CHARGES OF REPRESENTATIVE ELEMENTS 1A2A3A4A5A6A7A0 Li + Be 2+ N 3- O 2- F-F- Na + Mg 2+ Al +3 P 3- S 2- Cl - K+K+ Ca 2+ As 3- Se 2- Br - Rb + Sr 2+ I-I- Cs + Ba 2+

9. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 2.0 UK: England & Wales License FORMULAS AND NAMES OF COMMON METAL IONS WITH MORE THAN ONE IONIC CHARGE FORMULASTOCK NAMECLASSICAL NAME Cu + Copper (I) ionCuprous ion Cu 2+ Copper (II) ionCupric ion Fe 2+ Iron (II) ionFerrous ion Fe 3+ Iron (III) ionFerric ion Hg 2+ Mercury (I) ionMercurous ion Hg 2 + Mercury (II) ionMercuric ion Pb 2+ Lead (II) ionPlumbous ion Pb 4+ Lead (IV) ionPlumbic ion Sn 2+ Tin (II) ionStannous ion Sn 4+ Tin (IV) ionStannic ion Cr 2+ Chromium (II) ionChromous ion Cr 3+ Chromium (III) ionChromic ion Mn 2+ Manganese (II) ionManganous ion Mn 3+ Manganese (III) ionManganic ion Co 2+ Co 3+ Cobalt (II) ion Cobalt (III) ion Cobaltous ion Cobaltic ion

10. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 2.0 UK: England & Wales License C. Cations formed from nonmetals have names that end in –ium NH 4 + ammonium ion H 3 O + hydronium ion

11. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 2.0 UK: England & Wales License EXERCISES: Name each of the following:Name each of the following: 1.Sn 2+ 2.Sn 4+ 3.K + 4.Ba 2+ 5.Co 2+ 6.Co 3+

12. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 2.0 UK: England & Wales License 1.Sn 2+ Tin (II) ion 2.Sn 4+ Tin (IV) ion 3.K + Potassium ion 4.Ba 2+ Barium ion 5.Co 2+ Cobalt (II) ion 6.Co 3+ Cobalt (III) ion

13. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 2.0 UK: England & Wales License 2. ANIONS (NEGATIVE IONS) A. Monoatomic (one-atom) anions have names formed by replacing the ending of the name of the element with –ide H - O 2- N 3- OH - H - O 2- N 3- OH - Hydride ionOxide ion Nitride ion Hydroxide ion

14. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 2.0 UK: England & Wales License B. Polyatomic (many-atoms) anions containing oxygen have names ending in –ate or –ite These are called oxyanions -ate is used for the most common oxyanion of an element -ite is used for an oxyanion that has the same charge but one less O atoms NO 3 - nitrate ionSO 4 2- sulfate ion NO 2 - nitrite ionSO 3 2- sulfite ion

15. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 2.0 UK: England & Wales License Prefixes are used when the series of oxyanions of an element extends to four members, as with halogensPrefixes are used when the series of oxyanions of an element extends to four members, as with halogens The prefix per- indicates one or more O atom than the oxyanion ending in –ateThe prefix per- indicates one or more O atom than the oxyanion ending in –ate The prefix hypo- indicates one less O atom than the oxyanion ending in –iteThe prefix hypo- indicates one less O atom than the oxyanion ending in –ite

16. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 2.0 UK: England & Wales License ClO 4 - perchlorate ion (one more O atom than chlorate) ClO 3 - chlorate ion ClO 2 - chlorite ion (one less O atom than chlorate) ClO - hypochlorite ion (one less O atom than chlorite)

17. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 2.0 UK: England & Wales License C. Anions derived by adding H+ to an oxyanion are named by adding as a prefix the word hydrogen or dihydrogen CO 3 2- carbonate ion HCO 3 - hydrogen carbonate ion PO 4 3- phosphate ion H 2 PO 4 - dihydrogen phosphate ion

18. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 2.0 UK: England & Wales License COMMON POLYATOMIC IONS 3- charge PO 3 3- Phosphite PO 4 3- Phosphate 1+ charge NH 4 + Ammonium 1- charge H 2 PO 4 - Dihydrogen phosphate C2H3O2-C2H3O2- Acetate HSO 3 - Hydrogen sulfite HSO 4 - Hydrogen sulfate HCO 3 - Hydrogen carbonate NO 2 - Nitrite NO 3 - Nitrate CN-Cyanide OH-Hydroxide MnO 4 -Permanganate ClO-Hypochlorite ClO 2 -Chlorite ClO 3 -Chlorate ClO 4 -Perchlorate 2- charge HPO 4 2- Hydrogen phosphate C 2 O 4 2- Oxalate SO 3 2- Sulfite SO 4 2- Sulfate CO 3 2- Carbonate CrO 4 2- Chromate Cr 2 O 7 2- Dichromate SiO 3 2- Silicate

19. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 2.0 UK: England & Wales License 3. IONIC COMPOUNDS Names of ionic compounds consist of the cation name followed by the anion name CaCl 2 calcium chloride Al(NO 3 ) 3 aluminum nitrate Cu(ClO 4 ) 2 copper (II)perchlorate cupric perchlorate

20. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 2.0 UK: England & Wales License EXERCISES: What is the charge of the ion typically formed by each element?What is the charge of the ion typically formed by each element? 1.Sulfur 2.Lead, 4 electrons lost 3.Strontium 4.Argon 5.Bromine 6.Copper, 1 electron lost

21. 1.Sulfur2- 2.Lead, 4 electrons lost4+ 3.Strontium2+ 4.Argonno ion formed 5.Bromine1- 6.Copper, 1 electron lost1+ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 2.0 UK: England & Wales License

22. Name the following compounds:Name the following compounds: 1.CuS 2.K 3 N 3.SnCl 2 4.K 2 S 5.CaI 2 6.NaI

23. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 2.0 UK: England & Wales License 1.CuSCopper (II) sulfide 2.K 3 NPotassium Nitride 3.SnCl 2 Tin (II) chloride 4.K 2 SPotassium sulfide 5.CaI 2 Calcium Iodide 6.NaISodium Iodide

24. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 2.0 UK: England & Wales License Name the following:Name the following: 1.MgCl 2 2.SnCl 4 3.HgBr 2 4.PbS 2 5.FeO Write the formula for each of the following:Write the formula for each of the following: 1.Magnesium bromide 2.Aluminum oxide 3.Ferrous bromide 4.Lead (II) sulfide 5.Stannic oxide

25. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 2.0 UK: England & Wales License HOMEWORK: Name the following:Name the following: 1.CoI 2 2.Cs 2 O 3.ZnS 4.KCI 5.BaO 6.CuBr 2

26. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 2.0 UK: England & Wales License 1.CoI 2 Cobalt Iodide 2.Cs 2 O Cesium Oxide 3.ZnS Zinc sulfide 4.KCI Potassium chloride 5.BaO Barium Oxide 6.CuBr 2 Copper bromide

27. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 2.0 UK: England & Wales License NAMES OF FORMULAS OF ACIDS An acid is a substance whose molecules yield hydrogen ions (H + ) when dissolved in water.An acid is a substance whose molecules yield hydrogen ions (H + ) when dissolved in water.

28. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 2.0 UK: England & Wales License 1.Acid based on anions whose names end in –ide. Anions whose names end in –ide have he asociated acids that have the hydro- prefix and an –ic ending ANIONCORRESPONDING ACIDS Cl - (chloride)HCl (hydrochloric acid) S 2- (sulfide)H 2 S (hydrosulfuric acid)

29. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 2.0 UK: England & Wales License 2. Anions whose names end in –ate have associated acids with an –ic ending, whereas anions whose names end in –ite have acids with an -ous ending. Prefixes in the name of the anion are retained in the name of the acid.

30. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 2.0 UK: England & Wales License ANIONCORRESPONDING ACID ClO 4 - perchlorate HClO 4 – perchloric acid ClO 3 - chlorate HClO 3 – chloric acid ClO 2 - chlorite HClO 2 – chlorous acid ClO - hypochlorite HClO – hypochloric acid

31. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 2.0 UK: England & Wales License EXERCISES: Give the name or formula for the following: 1.H 2 SO 4 2.H 2 CO 3 3.Nitric acid 4.Phosphoric acid

32. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 2.0 UK: England & Wales License Acknowledgements JISC HEA Centre for Educational Research and Development School of natural and applied sciences School of Journalism SirenFM http://tango.freedesktop.org