1. The Science of Classification Topic # 0001A Introduction to Nomenclature Nick Thompson

2. Taxonomy The science of classifying living things.The science of classifying living things. Used from the earliest of times to organize and name new species.Used from the earliest of times to organize and name new species. Knowledge about one plant or animal could help us understand others which are related to that animal.Knowledge about one plant or animal could help us understand others which are related to that animal.

3. Aristotle  Was the 1 st to devise a system of organizing living things 2000 years ago.  Divided plants into 3 groups: Herbs, shrubs, and trees. What is left out?  Divided animals into 3 groups: Land dwellers, water dwellers, and air dwellers. What was left out?

4. Linnaeus  Saw problems with Aristotle’s system  Devised the classification system we now use in classes today  He looked at how animals and plants were structurally alike (horns, hair, stomachs, etc.)  Ex. Cow, bison and deer (2 toes, ruminents.

5. Binomial Nomenclature  Two word naming system for every organism  Latin  First name is the genus and is capitalized  Second name is the species and lowercase.  Ex. Homo sapien = human

6. The Classification System  KINGDOM- Largest grouping, very broad  PHYLUM  CLASS  ORDER  FAMILY  GENUS  SPECIES – same species are able to reproduce  (King Phillip Came Over For Green Spaghetti)

7. Example: Human Classification  KINGDOMAnimal  PHYLUMChordata (have backbone)  CLASSMammal (live young, nurse)  ORDERPrimate (stand upright)  FAMILY Hominid (later man)  GENUSHomo (true man)  SPECIESsapien(surviving man)